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Status and conservation challenges of the second-largest seagrass bed in India: Chilika lagoon

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Abstract

Studies related to seagrass ecology, conservation, and management are sparse and highly biased in India. Even though the geographical distribution of seagrass is diverse in India, about 74% of the scientific publications have been made from Palk Bay and the Gulf of Mannar from Tamilnadu. Chilika, the largest lagoon in Asia, harbors the second largest seagrass meadow in India 22% of the total. The lagoon acts as a potential blue carbon stock and helps in thriving a rich floral and faunal biodiversity. However, the critical role of seagrass in this unique lagoon ecosystem is still poorly understood. This review is aimed at synthesizing the published literature about seagrass in Chilika. We believe this information would encourage more in-depth and diverse seagrass studies in the region and identify future priority areas for research. A total of seven species have been recorded from 169.2 sq. km of seagrass patch in Chilika. For the last two decades, no significant signs of decline in seagrass beds from this lagoon have been reported. Still, various natural and anthropogenic stressors could put this unique ecosystem under severe stress. Moreover, lax enforcement of existing legislation and a general lack of knowledge among the stakeholders about their ecosystem services can be significant impediments to their conservation. More targeted research on Chilika seagrass in changing climate regimes and their sustainable intensification is the need of the hour.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the encouragement received from the authorities of their respective organizations. Some field photos were captured during monthly field campaign of Chilika Development Authority which is also gratefully acknowledged hereby. This is INCOIS contribution number 501.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Marine Sciences, Berhampur University, Bhanjabihar, 760007, India

    Tamoghna Acharyya & Suchismita Srichandan

  2. Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Hyderabad, 500090, India

    Susmita Raulo & Sanjiba Kumar Baliarsingh

  3. Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Kochi, 682508, India

    Sambit Singh

  4. Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK

    Bikram Prativa Sudatta

  5. Wetland Research and Training Centre, Chilika Development Authority, Balugaon, Odisha, India

    Rabindro Nath Samal

  6. CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Mumbai, 400053, India

    Chinmaya Kumar Sahoo

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  1. Tamoghna Acharyya
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Contributions

TA conceived and conceptualized the study. SR and SS (Sambit) carried out the literature survey and prepared the first draft of the manuscript. TA, SKB, and SS (Suchismita) reviewed the draft critically and revised it appropriately. SR and SS (Sambit) prepared the final draft of the manuscript with substantial input from TA, SKB, SS (Suchismita), and RNS. SKB, SS (Sambit), and TA designed the graphical illustrations. SS (Sambit) collected the field photographs. SS (Sambit), BPS, and CKS carried out necessary formatting and editing as per the internal comments. SR carried out revision of the manuscript as per the reviewers’ comments with substantial input from TA and SKB. All the authors contributed to the manuscript and approved the final version.

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Correspondence to Tamoghna Acharyya.

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Acharyya, T., Raulo, S., Singh, S. et al. Status and conservation challenges of the second-largest seagrass bed in India: Chilika lagoon. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 100265–100281 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29369-w

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