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Insight into microwave-assisted synthesis of the chitosan-MOF composite: Pb(II) adsorption

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Abstract

Heavy metal contamination has increased over the globe, causing significant environmental issues owing to direct and indirect releases into water bodies. As a result, metal removal from water entities must be addressed soon. Various adsorbents such as MOFs and chitosan have demonstrated promising results in water treatment. The present study prepared a composite material (chitosan-UiO-66-glycidyl methacrylate MOF) by a microwave-assisted method. The structure and morphology of the chitosan-MOF composite were studied using FE-SEM, EDX, XRD, BET, FT-IR, and TGA techniques. In addition, the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution onto the chitosan-MOF composite was analyzed in a batch study concerning pH, contact time, initial metal ion concentration, and adsorbent dosage. The composite has a large surface area of 867 m2/g with a total pore volume of 0.51 cm3/g and thermal stability of up to 400 \(^\circ \mathrm{C}\). Following an analysis of the adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics, the Langmuir model showed an excellent fit with the adsorption data (R2 = 0.99) and chi-squared (X2 = 3.609). The adsorption process was a spontaneous exothermic reaction and the pseudo-second-order rate equation fitted the kinetic profile well. Moreover, the composite is recyclable, retaining 83.45% of its removal effectiveness after 5 consecutive cycles, demonstrating it as a sustainable adsorbent for metal recovery. This study introduces a novel synthesized composite with enhanced recyclability and a higher potential for eliminating pollutants from industrial wastewater.

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Funding

The authors were financially supported by Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS via the YUTP grant with cost center 015LCO-303.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

    Humaira Gul Zaman, Lavania Baloo, Shamsul Rahman Kutty & Muhammad Altaf

  2. Laboratory of Biotechnology, Materials, and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco

    Khalid Aziz

  3. CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People’s Republic of China

    Aniqa Ashraf

  4. Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change, Faculty of Science Semlalia of Marrakech, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco

    Faissal Aziz

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  1. Humaira Gul Zaman
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  2. Lavania Baloo
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  3. Shamsul Rahman Kutty
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  4. Khalid Aziz
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  5. Muhammad Altaf
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Contributions

Conceptualization, H.G.Z. and L.B.; supervision, L.B, and S.R.M.K and F.A. Writing—original draft preparation, H.G.Z.; writing—review and editing, M.A., A.A, and K.A; funding acquisition, L.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Lavania Baloo.

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Gul Zaman, H., Baloo, L., Kutty, S.R. et al. Insight into microwave-assisted synthesis of the chitosan-MOF composite: Pb(II) adsorption. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 6216–6233 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22438-6

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