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Dioxin emission and distribution from cement kiln co-processing of hazardous solid waste

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Abstract

Cement kiln collaborative disposal technology can not only dispose of hazardous waste but also provide energy for the cement industry. However, the addition of hazardous waste may promote the formation of dioxins in cement kilns. In this study, typical hazardous solid wastes, such as solidified fly ash, electroplating sludge, and industrial residue, were co-processed in a cement kiln with different feeding positions and different feeding amounts. The concentrations of dioxins in the flue gas, clinker, and precalciner furnace slag were investigated. The effect of adding mixed hazardous solid waste on the formation of dioxin was also studied. The results showed that the concentration of dioxin in the flue gas without added hazardous waste was 1.57 ng/m3, and the concentration varied from 1.03 to 6.49 ng/m3 after the addition of hazardous waste. In addition, the concentration of dioxin in the flue gas and solid samples increased substantially when the co-processing ratio doubled. The large amount of Cu in solidified fly ash promoted the formation of dioxins, while the higher S content in the electroplating sludge suppressed the formation of dioxins. Compared with the addition of single hazardous waste, the concentration of dioxin in precalciner furnace slag increases by about 300%. Furthermore, the distributions of isomers in the clinker and precalciner furnace slag were similar. 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD and OCDD accounted for a large proportion of the mass concentration, and the contribution rate ranged from 48.7 to 82.0%. Most importantly, correlation analysis showed that the concentration of dioxin was closely related to the copper content, hazardous waste types and additive proportion, with correlation coefficients of 0.79, 0.83, and 0.89, respectively. This study provides a basis for exploring the high environmental benefits of disposing of hazardous solid waste by co-processing in cement kilns.

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Data availability

Present study data are available with corresponding author and are available on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51806205).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Metrology and Measurement Engineering, China Jiliang University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310018, People’s Republic of China

    Wen-Wen Ye, Peng-Tao Cai, Ming-Xiu Zhan &  Xu-Xu

  2. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, People’s Republic of China

    Ming-Xiu Zhan & Wen-Tao Jiao

  3. State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Jian-Ying Fu, Tong Chen & Xiao-Dong Li

Authors
  1. Wen-Wen Ye
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  2. Peng-Tao Cai
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  3. Ming-Xiu Zhan
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  4. Wen-Tao Jiao
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  5. Xu-Xu
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  6. Jian-Ying Fu
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  7. Tong Chen
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  8. Xiao-Dong Li
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Contributions

WY carried out experiment and wrote manuscript. PC researched literature. MZ, WJ, XX, and JY checked the manuscript. TC and XL edited and reviewed. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ming-Xiu Zhan.

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Highlights

• Typical hazardous solid wastes were co-incinerated in cement kiln.

• Dioxins were mainly distributed in clinker and less in flue gas.

• The emission level of dioxin was closely related to the amount of hazardous waste.

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Ye, WW., Cai, PT., Zhan, MX. et al. Dioxin emission and distribution from cement kiln co-processing of hazardous solid waste. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 53755–53767 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19675-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19675-0

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