Abstract
Pot experiments were conducted to evaluate plant contribution during remediation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)-contaminated soil of Dagang Oilfield by Fire Phoenix (a mixture of Festuca L.). The results showed that Fire Phoenix could grow in soil contaminated by high and low concentrations of PAHs. After being planted for 150 days, the total removal rate of six PAHs in the high and low PAH concentrations was 80.36% and 79.79%, significantly higher than the 58.79% and 53.29% of the unplanted control group, respectively. Thus, Fire Phoenix can effectively repair the soil contaminated by different concentrations of PAHs. In high concentrations of PAHs, the results indicated a positive linear relationship between PAH absorption in tissues of Fire Phoenix and the growth time in the early stage. In contrast, the contents of PAHs were just slightly increased in the late period of plant growth. The main factor for the dissipation of PAHs was plant-promoted biodegradation (99.04%–99.93%), suggesting a low contribution of PAH uptake and transformation (0.07%–0.96%). The results revealed that Fire Phoenix did not remove the PAHs in the soil by accumulation but promoted PAH dissipation in the soil by stimulating the microbial metabolism in the rhizosphere.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the National Field Research Station of Shenyang Agroecosystems for providing use of their experimental site. This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31770545).
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This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31770545).
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Xiaomei Wang was involved in formal analysis, writing—original draft, visualization. Jianping Sun helped in writing—original draft, visualization. Rui Liu contributed to conceptualization, methodology, writing—review & editing, supervision, project administration. Tingyu Zheng was involved in investigation, validation. Yingnan Tang helped in investigation and validation.
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Highlights
• The total removal rate of six PAHs highly concentrated in the soil was 80.36%.
• The main factor for PAH dissipation was plant-promoted biodegradation (99.04%–99.93%).
• PAH dissipation through uptake and transformation by Fire Phoenix was insignificant (0.07%–0.96%).
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Wang, X., Sun, J., Liu, R. et al. Plant contribution to the remediation of PAH-contaminated soil of Dagang Oilfield by Fire Phoenix. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 43126–43137 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18230-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18230-7