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Kaolinite weakens the co-stress of ampicillin and tetracycline on Escherichia coli through multiple pathways

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Abstract

Ampicillin and tetracycline are common antibiotics and can threaten humans by inducing antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Microorganisms are usually exposed to a mixed antibiotic system in the environment. However, there are few researches on the specific regulatory mechanisms of clay on microorganisms under the stress of complex antibiotics. In this study, tandem mass tag-based coupled with two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was employed to recognize and quantify changes in protein expression of Escherichia coli (E. coli) after culture for 15 days, with or without kaolinite in the co-stress of ampicillin and tetracycline. The results indicated that kaolinite could activate metabolic pathways of E. coli such as the energy metabolism, the biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites, and the metabolism of cofactors and vitamins. Particularly, the fatty acid degradation pathway has also been promoted, indicating that in the same unfavorable environment, kaolinite might influence the composition of E. coli cell membranes. This might be due to the change in membrane composition that was a kind of adaptive strategy of bacterial evolution. Moreover, kaolinite could promote multidrug efflux system to export the bacterial intracellular toxic substances, making E. coli survive better in an adverse environment. Consequently, this study not only disclosed the regulation of kaolinite on E. coli in a complex antibiotic environment but also provided new insights into the environmental process of antibiotic resistance.

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Funding

The authors appreciate financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41673092, 41972037), the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province (2019B1515120015), the Guangdong Science and Technology Program (2020B121201003), Guangdong Special Support Program for Local Innovative and Research Teams Project (2019BT02L218),Guangdong special Support Program for Millions of Leading Engineering Talents (201626011), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, SCUT(2020ZYGXZR070).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China

    Juan Liu, Pingxiao Wu, Qing Guo, Xiaolin Lai, Bo Ruan, Huimin Wang, Saeed Rehman & Meiqing Chen

  2. The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China

    Pingxiao Wu

  3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China

    Pingxiao Wu

  4. Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China

    Pingxiao Wu

  5. Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China

    Pingxiao Wu

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  1. Juan Liu
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Contributions

Juan Liu: Conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, writing (original draft), visualization, and writing (reviewing and editing). Pingxiao Wu: Resources, supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition. Qing Guo: Conceptualization, formal analysis, investigation, writing (reviewing and editing), and visualization. Xiaolin Lai: Conceptualization, formal analysis, investigation, writing (reviewing and editing), and visualization. Bo Ruan: Formal analysis, investigation, writing (reviewing and editing), and visualization. Huimin Wang: Formal analysis, investigation, writing (reviewing and editing), and Visualization. Saeed Rehman: Formal analysis, investigation, and writing (reviewing and editing). Meiqing Chen: Formal analysis, investigation, and writing (reviewing and editing.

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Liu, J., Wu, P., Guo, Q. et al. Kaolinite weakens the co-stress of ampicillin and tetracycline on Escherichia coli through multiple pathways. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 25228–25240 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12356-4

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