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Enhancement of biofuel production by microalgae using cement flue gas as substrate

  • Resource Recovery from Wastewater, Solid Waste and Waste Gas: Engineering and Management Aspects
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Abstract

The cement industry generates a substantial amount of gaseous pollutants that cannot be treated efficiently and economically using standard techniques. Microalgae, a promising bioremediation and biodegradation agent used as feedstock for biofuel production, can be used for the biotreatment of cement flue gas. In specific, components of cement flue gas such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and sulfur oxides are shown to serve as nutrients for microalgae. Microalgae also have the capacity to sequestrate heavy metals present in cement kiln dust, adding further benefits. This work provides an extensive overview of multiple approaches taken in the inclusion of microalgae biofuel production in the cement sector. In addition, factors influencing the production of microalgal biomass are also described in such an integrated plant. In addition, process limitations such as the adverse impact of flue gas on medium pH, exhaust gas toxicity, and efficient delivery of carbon dioxide to media are also discussed. Finally, the article concludes by proposing the future potential for incorporating the microalgae biofuel plant into the cement sector.

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Funding

This study received financial support from the Ministry of Science and Technology-Taiwan Research Grant (107-2113-M-037-007-MY2); the Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; “The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project” by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan; the NSYSU-KMU collaboration research project (NSYSU-KMU 107-I004) in Taiwan; and the Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering–Sriperumpudur, India.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering (Autonomous - Affiliated to Anna University), Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu, 602 117, India

    Senthil Nagappan & Vardhini Alagarsamy

  2. Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shiquan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan

    Pei-Chien Tsai & Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy

  3. Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA

    Saravanan Devendran

  4. Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan

    Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy

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  1. Senthil Nagappan
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  2. Pei-Chien Tsai
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  3. Saravanan Devendran
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  4. Vardhini Alagarsamy
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  5. Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
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Correspondence to Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy.

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Nagappan, S., Tsai, PC., Devendran, S. et al. Enhancement of biofuel production by microalgae using cement flue gas as substrate. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 17571–17586 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06425-y

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