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Optimization process of organic matter removal from wastewater by using Eichhornia crassipes

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Abstract

This study aimed to determine the optimal conditions for organic matter removal from wastewater by Eichhornia crassipes (E.C). As a matter of fact, a complete factorial design was used to determine the effect of residence time (X1), plant density (X2) and initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration (X3) on the phytoremediation process. The process’s performance was measured on COD (Y1), NH4+ (Y2) and PO43− (Y3), with the results indicating a reduction of 8.59–81.71% of COD (Y1); 22.53–95.81% of NH4+ (Y2) and 0.54–99.35% of PO43− (Y3). Then, the first-order models obtained for COD, NH4+ and PO43− removal were validated using different statistical approaches such as statistical and experimental validation. Moreover, multi-response optimization was carried out through different scenarios. On the whole, the results obtained indicated that two serial ponds are required for an optimum organic matter removal by Eichhornia crassipes. Indeed, for the first pond, a residence time of 15 days is needed with a plant density of 60 ft/m2 and an initial concentration of about 944 mg/L. The second was the same residence time as the first with similar plant density of 60 ft/m2 and an initial load 192 mg/L (> 200 mg/L). Optimal organic matter removal from wastewater using Eichhornia crassipes requires two ponds arranged in chain.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l’Eau (LSTE), Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), 04 BP 823, Cotonou, Benin

    Sènandémi Edwige Reine Mahunon, Martin Pépin Aina & Akuemaho Virgile Onésime Akowanou

  2. Laboratoire de Procédés Industriels, de Synthèse, de l’Environnement et des Énergies Nouvelles, Groupe des Procédés et Environnement Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny de Yamoussoukro, B.P. 1093, Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire

    Sènandémi Edwige Reine Mahunon, Akuemaho Virgile Onésime Akowanou, Edmond Konan Kouassi, Benjamin Kouassi Yao & Kopoin Adouby

  3. Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement), Université du Québec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1K 9A9, Canada

    Patrick Drogui

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  1. Sènandémi Edwige Reine Mahunon
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  2. Martin Pépin Aina
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Correspondence to Martin Pépin Aina.

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Mahunon, S.E.R., Aina, M.P., Akowanou, A.V.O. et al. Optimization process of organic matter removal from wastewater by using Eichhornia crassipes. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 29219–29226 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2771-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2771-y

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