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Influence of metal-based cerium oxide nanoparticle additive on performance, combustion, and emissions with biodiesel in diesel engine

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Abstract

Biodiesel has been renowned as potential and alternative fuel for years. In order to improve the quality of the conventional fossil fuels, biodiesel, and air pollution from combustion, additives are essential to exploit. In this study, the uses of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticle additive for B20 fuel in a diesel engine are investigated. The CeO2 nanoparticles with cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide are doped into the B20 fuel by using ultrasonicator. The purpose of the experimental work was adopted to enhance engine combustion and reduce the emissions with an approach of CeO2 nanoparticle additive. The experiment was conducted on a diesel engine using different propagation of CeO2 nanoparticle in blended mahua methyl ester fuel such as B20 + CeO2 50 ppm, B20 + CeO2 100 ppm, and B20 + CeO2 150 ppm. The obtained results are compared with the diesel and B20 fuels. The minor changes are obtained in B20 fuel properties due to the addition of CeO2 nanoparticles. The performance of brake thermal efficiency and combustion of pressure data is observed to be enhanced by the addition of a metal-based additive. The CO, HC, and smoke are decreased for B20 fuel with nanoparticles. The NOx is reduced by dosing the CeO2 due to the oxidation of unburned CeO2 in the exhaust.

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Abbreviations

BP:

Brake power

HRR:

Heat release rate

BSEC:

Brake-specific energy consumption

H2O:

Water vapor

BSFC:

Brake-specific fuel consumption

ID:

Ignition delay

BMEP:

Brake mean effective pressure

IT:

Injection timing

bTDC:

Before top dead center

MME:

Mahua methyl ester

BTE:

Brake thermal efficiency

MGT:

Mean gas temperature

CA:

Crank angle

N2 :

Nitrogen

cTAB:

Cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide

NOx :

Oxides of nitrogen

CI:

Compression ignition

N2O:

Nitrous oxide

CO:

Carbon monoxide

NO:

Nitric oxide

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

NO2 :

Nitrogen dioxide

CeO2 :

Cerium oxide

O2 :

Oxygen

DI:

Direct injection

PM:

Particulate matter

FAME:

Fatty acid methyl ester

PPM:

Parts per million

HC:

Hydrocarbon

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

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Acknowledgements

The authors are very grateful to the Director of National Institute of Technology Warangal for granting permission to do the research in the mechanical laboratory.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Warangal, Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India

    Megavath Vijay Kumar, Aluri Veeresh Babu & Puli Ravi Kumar

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  1. Megavath Vijay Kumar
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  2. Aluri Veeresh Babu
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  3. Puli Ravi Kumar
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Correspondence to Megavath Vijay Kumar.

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Kumar, M.V., Babu, A.V. & Kumar, P.R. Influence of metal-based cerium oxide nanoparticle additive on performance, combustion, and emissions with biodiesel in diesel engine. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 7651–7664 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-04075-0

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