Abstract
An aerobic denitrification system, initially bioaugmented with Pseudomonas strain T13, was established to treat coal-based ethylene glycol industry wastewater, which contained 3219 ± 86 mg/L total nitrogen (TN) and 1978 ± 14 mg/L NO3 −-N. In the current study, a stable denitrification efficiency of 53.7 ± 4.7% and nitrite removal efficiency of 40.1 ± 2.7% were achieved at different diluted influent concentrations. Toxicity evaluation showed that a lower toxicity of effluent was achieved when industry wastewater was treated by stuffing biofilm communities compared to suspended communities. Relatively high TN removal (~50%) and chemical oxygen demand removal percentages (>65%) were obtained when the influent concentration was controlled at below 50% of the raw industry wastewater. However, a further increased concentration led to a 20–30% decrease in nitrate and nitrite removal. Microbial network evaluation showed that a reduction in Pseudomonas abundance was induced during the succession of the microbial community. The napA gene analysis indicated that the decrease in nitrate and nitrite removal happened when abundance of Pseudomonas was reduced to less than 10% of the overall stuffing biofilm communities. Meanwhile, other denitrifying bacteria, such as Paracoccus, Brevundimonas, and Brucella, were subsequently enriched through symbiosis in the whole microbial network.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chen C, Ho KL, Liu FC, Ho M, Wang AJ, Ren NQ, Lee DJ (2013) Autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification by a newly isolated strain Pseudomonas sp C27. Bioresour Technol 145:351–356
Cline MS et al (2007) Integration of biological networks and gene expression data using Cytoscape. Nat Protoc 2:2366–2382
Constantin H, Fick M (1997) Influence of C-sources on the denitrification rate of a high-nitrate concentrated industrial wastewater. Water Res 31:583–589
Du C, Cui C, Shi S, Ma F (2014): Identification of a highly efficient aerobic denitrifying bacterium in SBR and denitrification optimization. Advanced Materials Research, 376–382
Ge SJ, Peng YZ, Qiu S, Zhu A, Ren NQ (2014) Complete nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater via partial nitrification by appropriately alternating anoxic/aerobic conditions in a continuous plug-flow step feed process. Water Res 55:95–105
Glass C, Silverstein J (1999) Denitrification of high-nitrate, high-salinity wastewater. Water Res 33:223–229
Huang C, Z-l L, Chen F, Liu Q, Y-k Z, J-z Z, Wang A-j (2015) Microbial community structure and function in response to the shift of sulfide/nitrate loading ratio during the denitrifying sulfide removal process. Bioresour Technol 197:227–234
Huang HK, Tseng SK (2001) Nitrate reduction by Citrobacter diversus under aerobic environment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 55:90–94
Ji B, Wang HY, Yang K (2014) Tolerance of an aerobic denitrifier (Pseudomonas stutzeri) to high O2 concentrations. Biotechnol Lett 36:719–722
Ji B, Yang K, Zhu L, Jiang Y, Wang HY, Zhou J, Zhang HN (2015) Aerobic denitrification: a review of important advances of the last 30 years. Biotechnol Bioproc E 20:643–651
Kim IS, Jang A, Ivanov V, Stabnikova O, Ulanov M (2004) Denitrification of drinking water using biofilms formed by Paracoccus denitrificans and microbial adhesion. Environ Eng Sci 21:283–290
Korner H, Zumft WG (1989) Expression of denitrification enzymes in response to the dissolved-oxygen level and respiratory substrate in continuous culture of Pseudomonas stutzeri. Appl Environ Microbiol 55:1670–1676
Li A, Gai ZH, Cui D, Ma F, Yang JX, Zhang XX, Sun YL, Ren NQ (2012) Genome sequence of a highly efficient aerobic denitrifying bacterium, Pseudomonas stutzeri T13. J Bacteriol 194:5720–5720
Li X, Chen Y, Chen J (2007) Progress in the synthesis of ethylene glycol through coal chemical industry route. Coal Chemical Industry 3:003
Liu W, He Z, Yang C, Zhou A, Guo Z, Liang B, Varrone C, Wang A-J (2016) Microbial network for waste activated sludge cascade utilization in an integrated system of microbial electrolysis and anaerobic fermentation. Biotechnol Biofuels 9:1–15
Lloyd D, Boddy L, Davies KJP (1987) Persistence of bacterial denitrification capacity under aerobic conditions—the rule rather than the exception. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 45:185–190
Ma F, Sun YL, Li A, Zhang XN, Yang JX (2015) Activation of accumulated nitrite reduction by immobilized Pseudomonas stutzeri T13 during aerobic denitrification. Bioresour Technol 187:30–36
Nyberg U, Aspegren H, Andersson B, Jansen JL, Villadsen IS (1992) Full-scale application of nitrogen removal with methanol as carbon source. Water Sci Technol 26:1077–1086
Padhi SK, Tripathy S, Sen R, Mahapatra AS, Mohanty S, Maiti NK (2013) Characterisation of heterotrophic nitrifying and aerobic denitrifying Klebsiella pneumoniae CF-S9 strain for bioremediation of wastewater. Int Biodeter Biodegr 78:67–73
Park JY, Yoo YJ (2009) Biological nitrate removal in industrial wastewater treatment: which electron donor we can choose. Appl Microbiol Biot 82:415–429
Rezaee A, Godini H, Bakhtou H (2008) Microbial cellulose as support material for the immobilization of denitrifying bacteria. Environ Eng Manag J 7:589–594
Ribeiro H, Mucha AP, Azevedo I, Salgado P, Teixeira C, Almeida CMR, Joye SB, Magalhães C (2016) Differential effects of crude oil on denitrification and anammox, and the impact on N2O production. Environ Pollut 216:391–399
Robertson LA, Cornelisse R, Devos P, Hadioetomo R, Kuenen JG (1989) Aerobic denitrification in various heterotrophic nitrifiers. A Van Leeuw J Microb 56:289–299
Shen ZQ, Zhou YX, Hu J, Wang JL (2013) Denitrification performance and microbial diversity in a packed-bed bioreactor using biodegradable polymer as carbon source and biofilm support. J Hazard Mater 250:431–438
Shi SN, Qu YY, Ma Q, Zhang XW, Zhou JT, Ma F (2015) Performance and microbial community dynamics in bioaugmented aerated filter reactor treating with coking wastewater. Bioresour Technol 190:159–166
Srinandan C, Jadav V, Cecilia D, Nerurkar A (2010) Nutrients determine the spatial architecture of Paracoccus sp. biofilm. Biofouling 26:449–459
Srinandan CS, D’souza G, Srivastava N, Nayak BB, Nerurkar AS (2012) Carbon sources influence the nitrate removal activity, community structure and biofilm architecture. Bioresour Technol 117:292–299
Su JF, Zhang K, Huang TL, Wen G, Guo L, Yang SF (2015) Heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification at low nutrient conditions by a newly isolated bacterium, Acinetobacter sp SYF26. Microbiol-Sgm 161:829–837
Su JJ, Liu BY, Liu CY (2001) Comparison of aerobic denitrification under high oxygen atmosphere by Thiosphaera pantotropha ATCC 35512 and Pseudomonas stutzeri SU2 newly isolated from the activated sludge of a piggery wastewater treatment system. J Appl Microbiol 90:457–462
Sun YL, Li A, Zhang XN, Ma F (2015) Regulation of dissolved oxygen from accumulated nitrite during the heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification of Pseudomonas stutzeri T13. Appl Microbiol Biot 99:3243–3248
Takaya N, Catalan-Sakairi MAB, Sakaguchi Y, Kato I, Zhou Z, Shoun H (2003) Aerobic denitrifying bacteria that produce low levels of nitrous oxide. Appl Environ Microbiol 69:3152–3157
Wang C, Zhang M, Cheng F, Geng Q (2015) Biodegradation characterization and immobilized strains’ potential for quinoline degradation by Brevundimonas sp. K4 isolated from activated sludge of coking wastewater. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 79:164–170
Wang W, Han HJ, Yuan M, Li HQ (2010) Enhanced anaerobic biodegradability of real coal gasification wastewater with methanol addition. J Environ Sci 22:1868–1874
Wu H, Fan J, Zhang J, Ngo HH, Guo W, Hu Z, Lv J (2016): Optimization of organics and nitrogen removal in intermittently aerated vertical flow constructed wetlands: Effects of aeration time and aeration rate. Int Biodeter Biodegr
Yamada T, Sekiguchi Y, Hanada S, Imachi H, Ohashi A, Harada H, Kamagata Y (2006) Anaerolinea thermolimosa sp nov., Levilinea saccharolytica gen. nov., sp nov and Leptolinea tardivitalis gen. nov., so. nov., novel filamentous anaerobes, and description of the new classes Anaerolineae classis nov. and Caldilineae classis nov. in the bacterial phylum Chloroflexi. Int J Syst Evol Micr 56:1331–1340
Yan BH, Yang HJ, Wei JH, Luo L (2011): Isolation from tannery wastewater and characterization of bacterial strain involved in nonionic surfactant degradation, Advanced Materials Research. Trans Tech Publ, pp. 22–26
Yang CX, Liu WZ, He ZW, Thangavel S, Wang L, Zhou AJ, Wang AJ (2015) Freezing/thawing pretreatment coupled with biological process of thermophilic Geobacillus sp G1: acceleration on waste activated sludge hydrolysis and acidification. Bioresour Technol 175:509–516
Yue HR, Zhao YJ, Ma XB, Gong JL (2012) Ethylene glycol: properties, synthesis, and applications. Chem Soc Rev 41:4218–4244
Zhang H, Zhou S (2016) Screening and cultivation of oligotrophic aerobic denitrifying bacteria. In: Huang T (ed) Water pollution and water quality control of selected Chinese reservoir basins. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 451–473
Zhang JB, Wu PX, Hao B, Yu ZN (2011) Heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification by the bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri YZN-001. Bioresour Technol 102:9866–9869
Zhou J-t, Uddin MS, Guan X-y, Qu Y-y (2008): On characteristics and kinetics of phenol degradation by immobilized Brucella sp. GXY-1. Journal of Liaoning Normal University (Natural Science Edition) 3, 026
Zhou SL, Huang TL, Zhang HH, Zeng MZ, Liu F, Bai SY, Shi JC, Qiu XP, Yang X (2016) Nitrogen removal characteristics of enhanced in situ indigenous aerobic denitrification bacteria for micro-polluted reservoir source water. Bioresour Technol 201:195–207
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51178139) and Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, China (HC201526-01).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Responsible editor: Gerald Thouand
Electronic supplementary material
ESM 1
(DOCX 1930 kb)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Du, C., Cui, CW., Qiu, S. et al. Nitrogen removal and microbial community shift in an aerobic denitrification reactor bioaugmented with a Pseudomonas strain for coal-based ethylene glycol industry wastewater treatment. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 11435–11445 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8824-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8824-9