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Spatiotemporal analysis for the effect of ambient particulate matter on cause-specific respiratory mortality in Beijing, China

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Abstract

This study explored the association between particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μm (PM10) and the cause-specific respiratory mortality. We used the ordinary kriging method to estimate the spatial characteristics of ambient PM10 at 1-km × 1-km resolution across Beijing during 2008–2009 and subsequently fit the exposure-response relationship between the estimated PM10 and the mortality due to total respiratory disease, chronic lower respiratory disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pneumonia at the street or township area levels using the generalized additive mixed model (GAMM). We also examined the effects of age, gender, and season in the stratified analysis. The effects of ambient PM10 on the cause-specific respiratory mortality were the strongest at lag0-5 except for pneumonia, and an inter-quantile range increase in PM10 was associated with an 8.04 % (95 % CI 4.00, 12.63) increase in mortality for total respiratory disease, a 6.63 % (95 % CI 1.65, 11.86) increase for chronic lower respiratory disease, and a 5.68 % (95 % CI 0.54, 11.09) increase for COPD, respectively. Higher risks due to the PM10 exposure were observed for females and elderly individuals. Seasonal stratification analysis showed that the effects of PM10 on mortality due to pneumonia were stronger during spring and autumn. While for COPD, the effect of PM10 in winter was statistically significant (15.54 %, 95 % CI 5.64, 26.35) and the greatest among the seasons. The GAMM model evaluated stronger associations between concentration of PM10. There were significant associations between PM10 and mortality due to respiratory disease at the street or township area levels. The GAMM model using high-resolution PM10 could better capture the association between PM10 and respiratory mortality. Gender, age, and season also acted as effect modifiers for the relationship between PM10 and respiratory mortality.

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Abbreviations

PM10 :

Particulate matters with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm

SO2 :

Sulfur dioxide

NO2 :

Nitrogen dioxide

COPD:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

GAMM:

Generalized additive mixed model

GAM:

Generalized additive model

GIS:

Geographic information system

PACF:

Partial autocorrelation function

AIC:

Akaike Information Criteria

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Acknowledgments

We thank the public health surveillance and information service of China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System and Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences for providing the data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China

    Xuying Wang, Guoxing Li, Xiaobin Jin & Xiaochuan Pan

  2. School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia

    Yuming Guo

  3. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160, Shengli street, Xingqing district, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China

    Yajuan Zhang

  4. Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, 24330 County Road 95, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Dane Westerdahl

  5. Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9, Dengzhuang south Road, Haidian district, Beijing, China

    Liangfu Chen

Authors
  1. Xuying Wang
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  2. Yuming Guo
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  3. Guoxing Li
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  4. Yajuan Zhang
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  5. Dane Westerdahl
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  6. Xiaobin Jin
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  7. Xiaochuan Pan
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  8. Liangfu Chen
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Xiaochuan Pan or Liangfu Chen.

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Funding source

The present study was supported by the Natural Science Foundations of China (No. 81372950 and No. 81273033).

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Wang, X., Guo, Y., Li, G. et al. Spatiotemporal analysis for the effect of ambient particulate matter on cause-specific respiratory mortality in Beijing, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 10946–10956 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6273-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6273-5

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