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A perspective on the potential risks of emerging contaminants to human and environmental health

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Abstract

Technological, agricultural, and medical advances have improved the lifestyle of humankind. However, these advances have caused new problems that affect the environment and future generations. Emerging contaminants display properties such as low degradation potential and environmental persistence. In addition, most contaminants are lipophilic, which culminates in high bioaccumulation. The disposal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products into the environment underlies microbial and bacterial resistance. Plasticizers change several characteristics of industrialized materials, such as flexibility, but they are potentially carcinogenic and disrupt the endocrine system. Pesticides prevent the propagation of numerous kinds of pests; nevertheless, they exert neurotoxic and mutagenic effects, and they impact the environment negatively. Addition of flame retardants to a number of materials prevents flame propagation; however, after their release into the environment, these chemicals may bioaccumulate in organisms and disrupt the endocrine system, too. Surfactants can change the surface and interfacial properties of liquids, but their presence in the environment can interfere with countless enzymes and can even impair the endocrine system of various organisms and induce the feminization of species. Hence, gaining knowledge about emerging contaminants is increasingly important to minimize future damage and enable proper monitoring of each class of compounds in the environment which will help to improve legislation on this matter.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, CEP 14040901, Brazil

    Lílian Cristina Pereira, Mariana Furio Franco Bernardes & Murilo Pazin

  2. Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, CEP 14040901, Brazil

    Alecsandra Oliveira de Souza, Maria Júlia Tasso & Daniel Junqueira Dorta

  3. Universidade de Ribeirão Preto—UNAERP, Avenida Costabile Romano, 2201 Bairro: Ribeirania, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, CEP 14096-000, Brazil

    Paulo Henrique Pereira

Authors
  1. Lílian Cristina Pereira
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  2. Alecsandra Oliveira de Souza
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  3. Mariana Furio Franco Bernardes
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  4. Murilo Pazin
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  5. Maria Júlia Tasso
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  6. Paulo Henrique Pereira
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  7. Daniel Junqueira Dorta
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Correspondence to Daniel Junqueira Dorta.

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Responsible editor: Ester Heath

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Pereira, L.C., de Souza, A.O., Bernardes, M.F.F. et al. A perspective on the potential risks of emerging contaminants to human and environmental health. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 13800–13823 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4896-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4896-6

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