Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Shrinkage Measurement in Concrete Materials using Cure Reference Method

An inverse method to determine shrinkage property

  • Published:
Experimental Mechanics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper describes the details of using Cure Reference Method (CRM) to determine the shrinkage that develops in concrete materials. The technique involves the replication of diffraction grating on the concrete specimen during curing. After demolded, the specimen is stored in a chamber where a specific drying condition is maintained for 6 days. Every day in this period, the specimen is removed from the chamber and a set of the consecutive moiré fringe patterns are recorded with the help of a specially-designed stage. An automated fringe analysis program is developed to obtain the full-field displacement and strain information. Shrinkage as a function of location, time, and drying conditions is measured. A numerical method is developed in order to obtain material properties from the complex geometry used in the tests. The test in different drying condition and the ring test are performed, and their results are compared with FEA to validate the constructed model.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. ACI 209.1R-05 Report on Factors Affecting Shrinkage and Creep of Hardened Concrete, July 25, 2005

  2. Bissonnette B, Pierre P, Pigeon M (1999) Influence of key parameters on drying shrinkage of cementitious materials. Cem Concr Res 29:1655–1622

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Al-Saleh SA, Al-Zaid RZ (2006) Effects of drying conditions, admixtures and specimen size on shrinkage strains. Cem Concr Res 36:1985–1991

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. ASTM C157/C157M-06 Standard test method for length change of hardened hydraulic-cement mortar and concrete.

  5. Mokarem DW, Weyers RE, Stephen Lane D (2005) Development of a shrinkage performance specifications and prediction model analysis for supplemental cementitious material concrete mixtures. Cem Concr Res 35:918–925

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Kim J-K, Lee C-S (1998) Prediction of drying shrinkage in concrete. Cem Concr Res 28:985–994

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Yang Y, Sato R, Kawai K (2005) Autogenous shrinkage of high strength concrete containing silica fume under drying at early ages. Cem Concr Res 35:449–456

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Habel WR, Hofmann D, Hillemeier B (1997) Deformation measurements of mortars at early ages and of large concrete components on site by means of embedded fiber-optic microstrain sensors. Cem Concr Res 19:81–102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Yilmazturk F, Kulur S, Pekmezci BY (2003) Measurement of shrinkage in concrete samples using digital photogrammetric methods. The International Archives of the Photogrammtry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 34, Part XXX

  10. Ifju PG, Masters JE, Jackson WC (1995) The use of moiré interferometry as an aid to standard test-method development for textile composite materials. Compos Sci Technol 53:155–163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Ifju PG, Kilday BC, Niu X, Liu S-C (1999) A novel method to measure residual stresses in laminated composites. J Compos Mater 33(16)

  12. Ifju PG, Niu X, Kilday BC, Liu S-C, Ettinger SM (2000) Residual strain measurement in composites using the cure-reference method. J Exp Mechanics 40:22–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Strickland NM, Yin W, Ifju PG (2007) Residual strain measurement analysis of woven composites using phase shifting. Proceedings of the 2007 SEM Conference on Experimental Mechanics, Springfield, MA, USA, June 4–6

  14. Liu S-C (1999) Residual stress characterization for laminated composites. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida

  15. Speriatu ML (2005) Temperature dependent mechanical properties of composite materials and uncertainties in experimental measurement. Dissertation, Academic, UF, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

  16. Post D, Han B, Ifju PG (1994) High sensitivity moiré: Experimental analysis for mechanics and materials. Springer-Verlag, New York

    Google Scholar 

  17. Huntley JM (1998) Automated fringe pattern analysis in experimental mechanics: a review. J Strain Anal 33(2):105–125

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ghiglia DC, Pritt MD (1998) Two-dimensional phase unwrapping: theory, algorithm, and software. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  19. Gonzalez RC, Woods RE, Eddins SL (2003) Digital image processing using MATLAB. Prentice Hall, New York

    Google Scholar 

  20. Sakata K (1983) A study on moisture diffusion in drying and drying shrinkage of concrete. Cem Concr Res 13(2):216–224

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Ayano T, Wittmann FH (2002) Drying, moisture distribution, and shriankge of cement-based materials. Mat Struct 35:134–1140

    Google Scholar 

  22. Bazant ZP, Najjar LJ (1972) Nonlinear water diffusion in nonsaturated concrete. Mater Struct 5(25):3–20

    Google Scholar 

  23. Jang C, Han B (2009) Analytical solutions of gas transport problems in inorganic/organic hybrid structures for gas barrier applications. J Appl Physi 105:093532

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) for the financial support and to the reviewers for their valuable comments.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA

    T. C. Chen, W. Q. Yin (SEM member) & P. G. Ifju (SEM member)

Authors
  1. T. C. Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. W. Q. Yin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. P. G. Ifju
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. C. Chen.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chen, T.C., Yin, W.Q. & Ifju, P.G. Shrinkage Measurement in Concrete Materials using Cure Reference Method. Exp Mech 50, 999–1012 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-009-9300-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-009-9300-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation