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Synthesis and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of [3H]LRRK2-IN-1 as a Novel Radioligand for LRRK2

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An Erratum to this article was published on 01 May 2017

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Abstract

Purpose

LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2) has recently been proven to be a promising drug target for Parkinson’s disease (PD) due to an apparent enhanced activity caused by mutations associated with familial PD. To date, there have been no reports in which a LRRK2 inhibitor has been radiolabeled and used for in in vitro or in vivo studies of LRRK2. In the present study, we radiolabeled the LRRK2 ligand, LRRK-IN-1, for the purposes of performing in vitro (IC50, K d , B max, autoradiography) and in vivo (biodistribution, and blocking experiments) evaluations in rodents and human striatum tissues.

Procedures

[3H]LRRK2-IN-1 was prepared with high radiochemical purity (>99 %) and a specific activity of 41 Ci/mmol via tritium/hydrogen (T/H) exchange using Crabtree’s catalyst. For IC50, K d , and B max determination, LRRK2-IN-1 was used as a competing drug for nonspecific binding assessment. The specific binding of the tracer was further evaluated via an in vivo blocking study in mice with a potent LRRK2 inhibitor, Pf-06447475.

Results

In vitro binding studies demonstrated a saturable binding site for [3H]LRRK2-IN-1 in rat kidney, rat brain striatum and human brain striatum with K d of 26 ± 3 and 43 ± 8, 48 ± 2 nM, respectively. In rat, the density of LRRK2 binding sites (B max) was higher in kidney (6.4 ± 0.04 pmol/mg) than in brain (2.5 ± 0.03 pmol/mg), however, in human brain striatum, the B max was 0.73 ± 0.01 pmol/mg protein. Autoradiography imaging in striatum of rat and human brain tissues gave results consistent with binding studies. In in vivo biodistribution and blocking studies in mice, co-administration with Pf-06447475 (10 mg/kg) reduced the uptake of [3H]LRRK2-IN-1 (%ID/g) by 50–60% in the kidney or brain.

Conclusion

The high LRRK2 brain density observed in our study suggests the feasibility for positron emission tomography imaging of LRRK2 (a potential target) with radioligands of higher affinity and specificity.

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  • 01 May 2017

    An erratum to this article has been published.

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Acknowledgements

The work is supported by the Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R, www.cai2r.net) at New York University School of Medicine is supported by NIH/NIBIB grant number P41 EB017183. We would like to acknowledge the expert assistance of Mr. Yianni Piyis (METIS Laboratories) for help with the sectioning.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA

    Noeen Malik, Daniel Tuchman & Yu-Shin Ding

  2. Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA

    Yu-Shin Ding

  3. Novandi Chemistry AB, Södertälje, Sweden

    Johan Sandell

  4. METIS Laboratories, New York, USA

    Andrew N Gifford

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  1. Noeen Malik
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Correspondence to Yu-Shin Ding.

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An erratum to this article is available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-017-1086-6.

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Malik, N., Gifford, A.N., Sandell, J. et al. Synthesis and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of [3H]LRRK2-IN-1 as a Novel Radioligand for LRRK2. Mol Imaging Biol 19, 837–845 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-017-1070-1

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