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Polyamines stimulate hyphal branching and infection in the early stage of Glomus etunicatum colonization

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Abstract

Polyamines are known to strongly stimulate hyphal growth in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The effect of the polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine on spore germination, hyphal elongation and branching by the AM fungus Glomus etunicatum was investigated in this study. The effect of spermine on infection and the development of the host and of daughter spores was further investigated using the dual monoaxenic culture system comprised of Gl. etunicatum fungal cultures in Ri T-DNA transformed carrot hairy roots. Spermidine and spermine showed positive effects on germination and all three polyamines significantly promoted hyphal growth. Hyphal branching was also strongly stimulated by treatment with polyamines, such as an increase in the number of branches. Infection during the early stages of the in vitro co-culture life cycle was enhanced in the presence of spermine, and daughter spores appeared at earlier timepoints compared to the control. Our results demonstrate that polyamines stimulate germination and hyphal branching in the early stage of AM fungal colonization. Moreover, results from the investigations conducted in the fungus-root co-culture suggest that polyamines may be involved in establishing the symbiotic relationship between root and fungus.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program (No. 2009BADA6B00) and the Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Projects of China (No. 2008ZX003-002).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China

    Ying Cheng, Wei Ma, Xiaoyu Li, Weiyun Miao, Lili Zheng & Beijiu Cheng

  2. Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan

    Ying Cheng

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  1. Ying Cheng
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  2. Wei Ma
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  3. Xiaoyu Li
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  4. Weiyun Miao
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  5. Lili Zheng
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Correspondence to Ying Cheng.

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Ying Cheng and Wei Ma contributed equally to this work.

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Cheng, Y., Ma, W., Li, X. et al. Polyamines stimulate hyphal branching and infection in the early stage of Glomus etunicatum colonization. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 28, 1615–1621 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-011-0967-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-011-0967-0

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