Abstract
Acetoin (3-hydroxy-2-butanone), a very popular food spice is now used in many industries (pharmaceuticals, chemicals, paint, etc.). In this study, an acetoin high producing strain, numbered as JNA-310, was newly isolated and identified as Bacillus subtilis which is safe on food industry, based on its physiological, biological tests and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. When glucose was used as carbon source in fermentation, the fermentation characterizations of this strain were analyzed, and a new phenomenon of reverse transforming 2,3-butanediol which was synthesized from glucose in the fermentation broth to acetoin was detected. Before 96 h, glucose which was mainly transformed to 2,3-butanediol and acetoin was totally consumed, and the yield of the two products were 41.7 and 21.0 g/l respectively. Acetoin was only a by product in the fermentation broth at prophase of fermentation. At the end of fermentation, the yield of acetoin was greatly improved and the yield of 2,3-butanediol was declined and the yield of them were about 42.2 and 15.8 g/l, respectively. The results indicated that 2,3-butanediol was reversely transformed to acetoin.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Blom RH (1945) Configuration of acetylmethylcarbinol. Am Chem Soc 67 :494
Cardenas ILB, Ledesma OV, Oliver G (1989) Effect of lactic acid on diacetyl and acetoin production by Lactobacillus casei subsp. Rhamnosus ATCC 769. Current Microbiology 18:351–354
Claus D, Berkeley RWC (1986) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology. In: Sneath PHA (ed) Genus bacillus cohn. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 1105–1138
Collins EB (1972) Biosynthesis of flavor compounds by microorganisms. J Dairy Sci 55:1022–1028
Dessart SR, Steenson LR (1995) Biotechnology of dairy Leuconostoc. In: Hui YH, Khachatourians GG (eds) Food Biotechnology. Microorganisms, New York, pp 665–702
Dettwiler B, Dunn IJ, Heinzle E, Prenosil JE (1993) A simulation model for the continuous production of acetoin and butanediol using Bacillus subtilis with integrated pervaporation separation. Biotechnol Bioeng 41:791–800
Fumio T, Koichi T, Hiroshi T (1989) New reduction method of α-diketones, oxo amides, and quinoned with Zn-EtOH in the presence of a salt. J Chem Soc, Perkin Trans 1:1555–1556
Gerhardt P, Murray RGE, Wood Willis A, Krieg Noel R (1994) Methods for general and molecular bacteriology. American Society for Microbiology, Washington DC ISBN: 1555810489
Haavik HI (1974) Studies on the formation of bacitracin by Bacillus licheniformis: Role of catabolite repression and organic acids. J Gen Microbiol 84:321–326
Hegazi FZ, Abo-Elnaga IG (1980) Production of acetoin and diacetyl by lactic acid bacteria in skimmed milk with added citrate and pyrauvate. Z Lebensm Unters Forsch 171:367–370
Hilmi A, Belgsir EM, Leger JM et al (1997) Electrocatalytic oxidation of aliphatic diols Part V. Electro-oxidation of butanediols on platinum based electrodes. J Electroanal Chem 435:69–75
Li X, Zhang D, Chen F, Ma J, Dong Y, Zhang L (2004) Klebsiella singaporensis sp. nov., a novel isomaltulose-producing bacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:2131–2136. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02690-0
Lolkema JS, Poolman B, Konings WN (1995) Role of scalar protons in metabolic energy generation in lactic acid bacteria. J Bioenerg Biomembr 27:467–473
McFall SM, Montville TJ (1989) pH-Mediated regulation of pyruvate catabolism in Lactobacillus plantarum chemostat cultures. J Ind Microbiol 4:335–340
Qin J, Xiao Z, Ma C, Xie N, Liu P, Xu P (2006) Production of 2, 3-butanediol by Klebsiella Pneumoniae using glucose and ammonium phosphate. Chin J Chem Eng 14:132–136
Slipszenko JA, Griffiths SP, Simons KE et al (1998) Enantioselective hydrogenation. J Catalyst 179(7):267–276
Starrenburg MJC, Hugenholtz J (1991) Citrate fermentation by Lactococcus and Leuconostoc spp. Appl Environ Microbiol 57:3535–3540
Studer M, Okafor V, Blaser HU (1998) Hydrogenation of butane-2, 3-dione with heterogeneous cinchona modified platinum catalysts: a combination of an enantioselective reaction and kinetic resolution. Chem Commun 13:1053–1054
Xiao Z, Xu P (2007) Acetoin metabolism in bacteria. Crit Rev Microbiol 33:127–140. doi:10.1080/10408410701364604
Xiao Z, Liu P, Qin J, Xu P (2007) Statistical optimization of medium components for enhanced acetoin production from molasses and soybean meal hydrolysate. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 74:61–68. doi:10.1007/s00253-006-0646-5
Xiao Z, Ma C, Xu P, Lu JR (2009) Acetoin catabolism and acetylbutanediol formation by Bacillus pumilus in a chemically defined medium. PLoS ONE 4(5):e5627. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005627
Yu EK, Saddler JN (1983) Fed-batch approach to production of 2, 3-butanediol by Klebsiella pneumoniae grown on high substrate concentrations. Appl Environ Microbiol 46:630–635
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the High-tech Research and Development Programs of China (2007AA02Z207), the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB707800), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30970056), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (JUSRP31001), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-07-0380), A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (111-2-06).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, X., Yang, Tw., Lin, Q. et al. Isolation and identification of an acetoin high production bacterium that can reverse transform 2,3-butanediol to acetoin at the decline phase of fermentation. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 27, 2785–2790 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-011-0754-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-011-0754-y