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In Vivo Genotoxicity Testing of Bentazone Herbicide in Danio rerio Erythrocytes Using the Micronucleus and Nuclear Abnormality Assays

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Abstract

Bentazone herbicide is in the benzothiadiazole group and is often used for the elimination of weeds. In this experiment, the in vivo genotoxicity of bentazone herbicide in Danio rerio erythrocytes was investigated using micronucleus and nuclear abnormality assays. Fish were exposed to three different concentrations (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/L) for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h, including the control group. When compared with the negative group, it was found that there was a statistical increase in the number of micronuclei in a concentration-dependent manner. According to the data obtained from the erythrocyte nucleolar abnormality assay, the most common abnormality for the 24-h treatment was kidney-shaped nucleus (at 10 mg/L concentration); the most common abnormality for the 48-, 72-, and 96-h treatment periods was echinocyte (at 5 and 10 mg/L concentrations). All concentrations of bentazone herbicide caused an increase in the total abnormality level in Danio rerio erythrocytes at all treatment times. These increases were concentration dependent for 24-, 72-, and 96-h treatment times, except for the 48-h treatment. Furthermore, for all treatment groups, the high concentration of bentazone herbicide (10 mg/L) caused changes on the long-short axis of the erythrocytes and the long-short axis of the nucleus, but these changes were not statistically significant. The data we obtained as a result of the study showed that bentazone herbicide is genotoxic for aquatic organisms depending on their use. Further research into different aquatic organisms is needed to investigate the genotoxicity mechanisms of bentazone herbicide in aquatic organisms.

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Data Availability

Data publicly available in a repository: not applicable. Data available with the paper or supplementary information: not applicable. Data cannot be shared openly but are available on request from authors: not applicable.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey

    Pinar Goc Rasgele

  2. Department of Biology, Graduate School of Education, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey

    Havva Ozer

  3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey

    Serife Gulsun Kirankaya

Authors
  1. Pinar Goc Rasgele
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  2. Havva Ozer
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  3. Serife Gulsun Kirankaya
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Contributions

Pinar Goc Rasgele: investigation, methodology, writing, data curation and original draft preparation. Havva Ozer: material preparation, investigation, and writing. Serife Gulsun Kirankaya: material collection and writing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Pinar Goc Rasgele.

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The study was approved by Duzce University, Animal Experiments Local Ethics Committee (No: 2023/03/04).

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Rasgele, P.G., Ozer, H. & Kirankaya, S.G. In Vivo Genotoxicity Testing of Bentazone Herbicide in Danio rerio Erythrocytes Using the Micronucleus and Nuclear Abnormality Assays. Water Air Soil Pollut 235, 29 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06835-2

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