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Improving the Growth of Rapeseed (Brassica chinensis L.) and the Composition of Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities through Negative Pressure Irrigation

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Abstract

Negative pressure irrigation (NPI) is a new water supply technology that can save water and improve fertilizer utilization efficiency. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different irrigation treatments on the yield and quality of rapeseed, nitrate distribution in soil, and the composition of rhizosphere bacterial communities in a greenhouse. During the entire rapeseed growth period, NPI reduced water consumption by 23 and 23% compared to that reduced by conventional irrigation (CI) and drip irrigation (DI), and NPI improved water use efficiency (WUE) by 67 and 59% more than CI and DI, respectively. Under NPI, the soil water content remained relatively stable within the range of 9.7–11.7%, which was a lower range of variation than that under CI and DI of 8.6–13.3%. NPI significantly improved the yield, quality, and plant nutrients of rapeseed. The NO3-N content was always lowest at the different sampling times and soil layers under the NPI-L treatment. NPI significantly increased the microbial diversity in the rhizosphere soil of rapeseed and increased the abundance of Actinobacteria while decreasing that of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria. Simultaneously, the performance of rapeseed was better under the NPI-L fertilizer concentration (0.15%) than under NPI-H (0.20%). Eventually, the combination of the evaluated regimes demonstrated that NPI is the best irrigation technique for saving water and obtaining relatively high rapeseed yields and quality while improving nitrogen utilization and the composition of rhizosphere bacterial communities. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for planting rapeseed in agricultural facilities.

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Funding

This research was financially supported by the project for Modulation technology for water and nutrients in the soil environment for plant growth (2013AA102901) and the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China (201503120).

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Author notes

  1. Xiujuan Zhao and Xiang Gao contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Xiujuan Zhao, Xiang Gao, Shuxiang Zhang & Huaiyu Long

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  1. Xiujuan Zhao
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Correspondence to Shuxiang Zhang.

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Zhao, X., Gao, X., Zhang, S. et al. Improving the Growth of Rapeseed (Brassica chinensis L.) and the Composition of Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities through Negative Pressure Irrigation. Water Air Soil Pollut 230, 9 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-018-4061-1

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