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Cement Stabilization of Runoff Residuals: A Study of Stabilization/Solidification of Urban Rainfall–Runoff Residuals in Type 1 Portland Cement by XRD and 29Si NMR Analysis

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Abstract

Urban rainfall–runoff residuals contain metals such as Cr, Zn, Cu, As, Pb and Cd and are thus reasonable candidates for treatment using Portland cement-based solidification–stabilization (S/S). This research is a study of S/S of urban storm water runoff solid residuals in Portland cement with quicklime and sodium bentonite additives. The solidified residuals were analyzed after 28 days of hydration time using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and solid-state 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that the main cement hydration products are ettringite, calcium hydroxide and hydrated calcium silicates. Zinc hydroxide and lead and zinc silicates are also present due to the reactions of the waste compounds with the cement and its hydration products. 29Si NMR analysis shows that the coarse fraction of the waste apparently does not interfere with cement hydration, but the fine fraction retards silica polymerization.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Geophysical Sciences Department, specially Dr. Ray Ferrell, Louisiana State University, USA for the use of X-ray Diffractometer, Dr. Dale Treleaven at Chemistry Department, Louisiana State University, USA for the use of the 29Si NMR, Samuel Boggan from Southern University and Willian G. Barlett from Louisiana State University for their assistance. This study was performed with the financial support of the Brazilian Research Council (CNPq), Brazilian Ministry of Education (CAPES), UWMRC/USEPA and Louisiana Water Resources Research Institute (LWRRI).

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  1. John J. Sansalone

    Present address: Department of Environmental Engineering Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical Engineering Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Carolina A. Pinto & Pedro M. Büchler

  2. Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA

    John J. Sansalone

  3. Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA

    Frank K. Cartledge

  4. Inorganic Process Department, School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Jo Dweck

  5. Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Francisco R.V. Diaz

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  1. Carolina A. Pinto
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  2. John J. Sansalone
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  3. Frank K. Cartledge
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  4. Jo Dweck
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  6. Pedro M. Büchler
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Correspondence to Frank K. Cartledge.

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Pinto, C.A., Sansalone, J.J., Cartledge, F.K. et al. Cement Stabilization of Runoff Residuals: A Study of Stabilization/Solidification of Urban Rainfall–Runoff Residuals in Type 1 Portland Cement by XRD and 29Si NMR Analysis. Water Air Soil Pollut 188, 261–270 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-007-9542-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-007-9542-6

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