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Molecular typing of bovine papillomaviruses in Costa Rica

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Abstract

Bovine papillomaviruses are related to cause fibroepithelial proliferations in the skin and mucosae and are associated with economic loss mainly related to poor body condition and reduced milk production. This study aimed to investigate the presence and types of bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) in cattle sampled in different areas of Costa Rica using molecular techniques. A descriptive study with a non-probability convenience sampling was carried out. A total of 99 papillomatous lesions were collected from 63 animals in 32 farms, and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, rolling circle amplification (RCA), sequencing, and restriction enzymes digestion. Seven bovine papillomavirus types (BPV1, BPV2, BPV4, BPV6, BPV7, BPV10, BPV11) and two putative novel viral variants (BPV-CR1 and BPV-CR2) were identified for the first time in Costa Rica. BPV6 was the most frequently detected virus in lesions (31.2%), followed by BPV2 (25%) and BPV1 (25%). BPV1 and BPV2 were the most widely distributed in the Country. Coinfections were recorded in two animals (BPV1 / BPV2 and BPV4 / BPV6). Restriction analyses allowed differentiating BPV1 from BPV2, BPV4, and BPV7, but failed to identify BPV6, BPV10, and BPV11. Results suggest that a great PVs diversity is harbored by bovines in Costa Rica and indicate the need for further investigations aimed to uncover PV diversity at the full genomic level.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article.

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Funding

This research was conducted in the framework of the project: Diagnóstico e Investigación en Medicina Poblacional, sponsored by FUNDAUNA.

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Contributions

Conceptualization: Ramsés Alfaro Mora; Methodology: Ramsés Alfaro Mora, Gaby Dolz, Ruth Castro-Vásquez; Formal Analysis an investigation: Ramsés Alfaro Mora, Ruth Castro-Vásquez; Rosanna Zobba, Elisabetta Antuofermo, Alberto Alberti; Writing: Ramsés Alfaro Mora; Writing review and editing: Gaby Dolz, Giovanni Pietro, Alberto Alberti; Funding: Gaby Dolz, Resources: Gaby Dolz, Giovanni Pietro, Alberto Alberti; Supervision: Gaby Dolz, Alberto Alberti. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ramsés Alfaro-Mora or Alberto Alberti.

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Ethics approval and consent to participate

This study was carried out in accordance with Law 7451 Animal Welfare, and was approved by the Bioethics and Animal Welfare Commission of the National University of Costa Rica (UNA-EMV-CBBA-ACUE-005–2018).

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The authors have no conflicts of intere to declare.

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Alfaro-Mora, R., Castro-Vásquez, R., Zobba, R. et al. Molecular typing of bovine papillomaviruses in Costa Rica. Vet Res Commun 47, 265–272 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-022-09918-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-022-09918-3

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