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Effects of monensin in supplements for beef cattle in tropical grazing systems during the rainy season

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Abstract

Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of monensin in supplements for grazing heifers. In experiment I, treatments consisted of protein supplements (low intake – 0.5 kg/animal/day and high intake – 1.0 kg/animal/day) associated or not with monensin. Animal performance, nutrient intake, and digestibility were evaluated. Forty crossbred heifers with an initial body weight (BW) of 213.8 ± 4.5 kg were used. There was no difference in average daily gain between treatments (average of 0.588 kg/animal/day). There was no interaction between monensin and supplements for intake parameters and digestibility. Dry matter (DM) intake was equal between treatments (~ 2% of BW). However, there was a reduction in pasture intake with the high-intake supplement. In experiment II, treatments consisted of two types of supplements (protein or mineral) associated or not with monensin. The variables analyzed were productive performance, ingestive behavior, and thermal comfort, evaluated through the index of thermal stress for cows (ITSC). Forty crossbred heifers with a BW of 159.2 ± 1.3 kg were used. The type of supplement did not influence the performance of the animals. However, monensin promoted greater weight gain in the animals (110 g/animal/day). There was an interaction effect between supplementation and monensin addition on behavioral activities, except for idle time. The inclusion of monensin in the protein supplement reduced the grazing time. The ITSC value influenced the activities of ingestive behavior, and the increase of this index reduced the grazing time in all treatments. Forage quality influences the response to monensin use, and the addition of monensin in supplements for grazing cattle during the rainy season is recommended for forages with high CP content.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are not publicly available but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for their financial support. To the Coordenacão de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for granting a scholarship. To the Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Mato Grosso (FAPEMAT) for granting a scholarship. To the Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis (UFR) for providing the facilities for the conduction of the experiments and data analysis.

Financing

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis, Rondonópolis, MT, 78735-910, Brazil

    Marina Pereira Souza Coutinho, Carlos Eduardo Avelino Cabral, Rodrigo Junqueira Pereira, Alexandre Lima de Souza & Carla Heloisa Avelino Cabral

  2. Laboratório de Nutrição Animal, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13400-970, Brazil

    Alyce Monteiro

  3. Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Montes Claros, MG, 39404-547, Brazil

    Lívia Vieira de Barros

  4. Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, 78060-900, Brazil

    Lucas Gimenes Mota

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  1. Marina Pereira Souza Coutinho
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analyses were performed by Alyce Raiana Monteiro Santos, Carla Heloisa Avelino Cabral, Carlos Eduardo Avelino Cabral, Lucas Gimenes Mota, Marina Pereira Souza Coutinho, and Rodrigo Junqueira Pereira. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Marina Pereira Souza Coutinho and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Marina Pereira Souza Coutinho.

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The management and care of the animals was conducted according to the guidelines and recommendations of the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals (CIOMS), Geneva, 1985. All procedures were approved by the Federal University of Mato Grosso (register no. 175/2016), Rondonópolis, Brazil.

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Coutinho, M.P.S., Monteiro, A., Cabral, C.E.A. et al. Effects of monensin in supplements for beef cattle in tropical grazing systems during the rainy season. Trop Anim Health Prod 55, 354 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-023-03769-z

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