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Caiman’s fat enriched with n-3 fatty acids: potential food supplement

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Abstract

Broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris) products (meat, fat and oil) are currently beginning to be valued as a food of special interest due to its high content of n-3 fatty acids. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize the fats of caiman fed with diets enriched with flaxseeds (Linus usitatissimun) rich in n-3 fatty acids, lignans and antioxidants. Caimans were fed six days a week with: a control diet (C), and a diet enriched with ground flaxseed = 90% C + 10% flaxseed ground (FS), during 30 (FS30) and 60 (FS60) days. Animals fed the flaxseed-enriched diets increased linolenic acid content and reduced the n-6/n-3 ratio of fats relative to controls, and this improvement increased over time. The proportion of eicosapentaenoic acid also increased, but there was no difference at the time the enriched diets were offered. Caiman fat of the FS30 and FS60, showed a decrease in lipoperoxidation (24% and 40%) and reactive oxygen species (44% and 76%) accompanied by an increase in antioxidant systems. Consumption of a flax-enriched diet by caimans increases the content of essential fatty acids and improves the lipoperoxidative status of fat. This provides an enriched fat with potential for the development products for human consumption.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), and other members of the Proyecto Yacaré for their help and support.

Funding

This work was supported by CAI + D oriented 2016, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), PICT 2019 N°04300 (to Leiva), with the support of FUNDACIÓN NATURA, COMFAUNA and funding from GORDON AND BETTY MOORE FOUNDATION (GRANT 9258).

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Author notes

  1. Florencia E. Valli and Pamela Leiva are contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Avda. Rivadavia 1917, CP, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Florencia E. Valli, Pamela M.L. Leiva, Jimena Lavandera, Carlos I. Piña & Melina S. Simoncini

  2. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina

    Florencia E. Valli, Pamela M.L. Leiva, Jimena Lavandera, María C. Contini, Carolina Gerstner & Marcela A. González

  3. CICyTTP-CONICET/Prov. Entre Ríos/UADER, España 149 3105, Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina

    Florencia E. Valli, Pamela M.L. Leiva, Carlos I. Piña & Melina S. Simoncini

  4. Proyecto Yacaré, Laboratorio de Zoología Aplicada: Anexo Vertebrados, FHUC/UNL, Aristóbulo del Valle 8700, Santa Fe, Santa Fe, Argentina

    Florencia E. Valli, Pamela M.L. Leiva, Carlos I. Piña & Melina S. Simoncini

  5. Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos, Tratado del Pilar 314 3105, Entre Ríos, Diamante, Argentina

    Pamela M.L. Leiva, Carlos I. Piña & Melina S. Simoncini

Authors
  1. Florencia E. Valli
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  2. Pamela M.L. Leiva
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  3. Jimena Lavandera
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  4. María C. Contini
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  5. Carolina Gerstner
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  6. Carlos I. Piña
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  7. Melina S. Simoncini
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  8. Marcela A. González
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Contributions

FEV, PMLL, MSS and MAG developed and conceptualized the study. FEV, PMLL, MSS, MAG and CIP analyzed and interpreted the data. FEV and PMLL drafted the manuscript. The field and laboratory work was carried out by FEV, PMLL with the collaboration in the laboratory work of JL, CG and MCC. MSS, MAG and CIP substantially revised the manuscript. All authors have read and accepted the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Melina S. Simoncini or Marcela A. González.

Ethics declarations

Ethical approval

The study was approved by the Comité Asesor de Ética y Seguridad de la Investigación de la Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (Universidad Nacional del litoral),framed in the Project CAI + D Orientado (act 02/17). Animal handling was carried out following the management guide of the Crocodile Specialists Group (CSG / IUCN) "Best management practices for crocodilian farming", available on the group's website (http://www.iucncsg.org/content_images/attachments/CSG-BMP.pdf). The animals were slaughtered following the protocol of the Proyecto Yacaré (Yacarés Santafesinos/MUPCN, authorized slaughterhouse N° 4081).

Conflict of interest

The authors have declared no conflict of interest.

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Valli, F.E., Leiva, P.M., Lavandera, J. et al. Caiman’s fat enriched with n-3 fatty acids: potential food supplement. Trop Anim Health Prod 55, 194 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-023-03602-7

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