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Regeneration characteristics of Garcinia pedunculata: utilization of adventitious embryony for mass multiplication

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Abstract

The fruit of Garcinia pedunculata is one of the costliest indigenous fruits sold in local markets of Manipur for cuisine and various other utilities. Its population seemed to decline due to overexploitation, habitat loss, and the absence of cultivation or propagation methods. Hence, studies on the regeneration aspects of the species in ex-situ and in-vitro conditions were performed. Mean germination of 79–93% was achieved within ca. 3 weeks when dormancy imparting rind of the arillate seed was removed. About 76% of seedlings may survive if arilled seeds are scarified in their in-situ conditions. Removal of testa doesn’t affect germination; in fact, it increased the viability of the seeds. Pre-harvesting of immature fruits devoid of set seeds, physical dormancy imparted by seed rind, and loss of natural dormancy breaking mechanisms are some of the factors which limit the natural propagation of the species. Two types of seedling patterns, i.e., normal-type and adventitious embryonic-type were observed. Our finding indicated that resource allocation affects the level of adventitious embryony as evidenced by ca. 90% of multiple seedlings in in-vitro treatment. On the other hand, adventitious embryony seemed to have a negative effect on the embryo mass and growth due to resource diversification to the number of adventitious shootlets. Besides morphological similarity, ISSR profile of uniform pattern among adventitious shootlets and mother plant genetically confirmed adventitious embryony resulting from apomixis. This adventitious embryony and adventitious shoot micropropagation can be exploited for restoration and large-scale propagation of selected genotypes.

Key message

Micropropagation of Garcinia pedunculata through its adventitious embryony was established for large-scale propagation of selected genotypes.

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Data availability

We declare that data from the experimental work and findings are available.

Abbreviations

DGS:

Daily germination speed

LDG:

Last day of germination

FDG:

First day of germination

MCB:

Moistened cotton bed

GE:

Germination energy

MDG:

Mean daily germination

GV:

Germination value

MGP:

Mean germination percentage

(-) –HCA:

(-)—Hydroxycitric acid

MGT:

Mean germination time

ISSR:

Inter simple sequence repeat

PV:

Peak value

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Acknowledgements

Authors are grateful to the Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India for providing necessary funds and facilities to the Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Takyelpat, Imphal.

Funding

The authors declare that this work was done at the expense of the Institutional head of IBSD, a sister Institute under the Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Agricultural Engineering and Post-Harvest Technology, (Central Agricultural University, Imphal), Ranipool, Sikkim, 737 135, India

    Ph. Baleshwor Sharma

  2. Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Takyelpat, Imphal, 795001, India

    Ph. Baleshwor Sharma & H. Sunitibala Devi

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  1. Ph. Baleshwor Sharma
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  2. H. Sunitibala Devi
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All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by PBS. The first draft of the manuscript was written by PBS and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to H. Sunitibala Devi.

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Communicated by Sergio J. Ochatt.

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Sharma, P.B., Devi, H.S. Regeneration characteristics of Garcinia pedunculata: utilization of adventitious embryony for mass multiplication. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 152, 555–567 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-022-02430-1

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