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Active compounds and anti-inflammatory activity of the methanolic extracts of the leaves and callus from Tilia americana var. mexicana propagated plants

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Abstract

Tilia americana var. mexicana is used in Mexican traditional medicine to treat anxiety and inflammatory processes. Several glycosides derived from quercetin and kaempferol, including tiliroside, isoquercetin, and quercetin-3-β-d-glucoside, were reported as the main anxiolytic compounds in this species; to our knowledge, compounds with anti-inflammatory effects have not been previously described. In this study, whole plants were obtained from rooted cuttings with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) under greenhouse conditions. Multiple shoots and callus cultures were established from apical and axillary buds from T. americana var. mexicana cuttings. The apical buds (75%) were the best explant for shoot induction (2–3 shoots per explant) on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L−1 of 6-benzyl aminopurine plus 0.25 mg L−1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid. Callogenesis occurred in both types of buds in the treatments constituted by thidiazuron with 0.1 mg L−1 IBA. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of leaves and callus methanolic extracts allowed the identification of quercetin-3-β-d-glucoside and tiliroside anxiolytic compounds, and of the scopoletin anti-inflammatory compound. The methanolic leaf and callus extracts showed anti-inflammatory activities in a 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced ear edema model with median effective doses (ED50) of 0.38 and 1.73 mg per ear for the leaf and callus extracts, respectively.

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Abbreviations

BAP:

6-Benzyl amino-9-(2-tetrahydropyranyl)-9H-purine

IBA:

Indole-3-butyric acid

BA:

6-Benzyl aminopurine

KIN:

Kinetin

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

NAA:

α-Naphthaleneacetic acid

PVPP:

Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone

TDZ:

Thidiazuron

TPA:

12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

2,4-D:

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Basic Grant 593703 from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, México (CONACyT-México) for the Doctoral studies of Karen Flores-Sánchez at the Biotechnology Doctoral Program of UAM-Iztapalapa; and by Complementary Grant 99182548 from the IMSS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur (CIBIS), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Argentina #1, 62790, Xochitepec, Morelos, Mexico

    Karen Flores-Sánchez, Alejandro Zamilpa-Alvarez & Pilar Nicasio-Torres

  2. Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, Mexico

    Karen Flores-Sánchez & Francisco Cruz-Sosa

Authors
  1. Karen Flores-Sánchez
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  2. Francisco Cruz-Sosa
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  3. Alejandro Zamilpa-Alvarez
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  4. Pilar Nicasio-Torres
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Contributions

As a Ph.D. student, KF-S participated in all of the experimental work, in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, and in the writing of the manuscript. FC-S supervised the establishment of the factorial design experiments, provided the scopoletin, quercetin-3-β-d-glucoside, and tiliroside standards, and was the Thesis Co-Director of KF-S. A-Z participated in the extraction and in establishment of analytical methods for the quantification of compounds. PN-T performed the supervision of the establishment of in-vitro cultures and the evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity, and also was the Thesis Co-director of KF-S, participating in the writing of the manuscript and approving the final version of the manuscript to be submitted.

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Correspondence to Pilar Nicasio-Torres.

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Communicated by Ranjith Pathirana.

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Key message Tilia americana var. mexicana plants were propagated and callus tissues were generated from apical buds; leaf and callus methanolic extracts have quercetin-3-β-d-glucoside, tiliroside and scopoletin compounds, and were active in the ear edema mouse model.

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Flores-Sánchez, K., Cruz-Sosa, F., Zamilpa-Alvarez, A. et al. Active compounds and anti-inflammatory activity of the methanolic extracts of the leaves and callus from Tilia americana var. mexicana propagated plants. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 137, 55–64 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-018-01550-x

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