Abstract
New measurements using radio and plasma-wave instruments in interplanetary space have shown that nanometer-scale dust, or nanodust, is a significant contributor to the total mass in interplanetary space. Better measurements of nanodust will allow us to determine where it comes from and the extent to which it interacts with the solar wind. When one of these nanodust grains impacts a spacecraft, it creates an expanding plasma cloud, which perturbs the photoelectron currents. This leads to a voltage pulse between the spacecraft body and the antenna. Nanodust has a high charge/mass ratio, and therefore can be accelerated by the interplanetary magnetic field to the speed of the solar wind: significantly faster than the Keplerian orbital speeds of heavier dust. The amplitude of the signal induced by a dust grain grows much more strongly with speed than with mass of the dust particle. As a result, nanodust can produce a strong signal despite its low mass. The WAVES instruments on the twin Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory spacecraft have observed interplanetary nanodust particles since shortly after their launch in 2006. After describing a new and improved analysis of the last five years of STEREO/WAVES Low Frequency Receiver data, we present a statistical survey of the nanodust characteristics, namely the rise time of the pulse voltage and the flux of nanodust. We show that previous measurements and interplanetary dust models agree with this survey. The temporal variations of the nanodust flux are also discussed.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the team who designed and built the instrument. The S/WAVES data used here are produced by an international consortium of the Observatoire de Paris (France), the University of Minnesota (USA), the University of California Berkeley (USA), and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA). The French contribution was funded by CNES and CNRS, and the USA institutions were funded by NASA.
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Le Chat, G., Zaslavsky, A., Meyer-Vernet, N. et al. Interplanetary Nanodust Detection by the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory/WAVES Low Frequency Receiver. Sol Phys 286, 549–559 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-013-0268-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-013-0268-x