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Pumice-based sulfonic acid: a sustainable and recyclable acidic catalyst for one-pot synthesis of pyrazole anchored 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives at room temperature

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Abstract

In the present investigation, we have developed an efficient and eco-friendly protocol for the synthesis of pyrazole anchored 1,4-dihydropyridine analogs using pumice-based sulfonic acid (pumice@SO3H) as a recyclable solid acid catalyst under simple stirring at room temperature. The present protocol proceeded smoothly with 1,3-diaryl pyrazole-4-carbaldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate, and NH4OAc in ethanol as a solvent with excellent yield. The pumice-based sulfonic acid catalyst is easily prepared from naturally occurring pumice by simple agitation with chlorosulfonic acid. The key features of this catalyst are its heterogeneous nature, high porosity, non-corrosive and non-toxic nature, recyclability, stable and highly efficient at room temperature. The application of this catalyst makes the protocol more environmentally benign.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Principal of ASC College, Rahata for providing the necessary facilities and SAIF, University of Punjab, Chandigarh for providing the spectral characterization.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, A.S.C. College, University of Pune, Rahata, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, 423107, India

    Adinath Tambe, Gayatri Sadaphal, Ravindra Dhawale & Gopinath Shirole

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  1. Adinath Tambe
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Tambe, A., Sadaphal, G., Dhawale, R. et al. Pumice-based sulfonic acid: a sustainable and recyclable acidic catalyst for one-pot synthesis of pyrazole anchored 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives at room temperature. Res Chem Intermed 48, 1273–1286 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-021-04649-7

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