Skip to main content
Log in

Competition policy for elections: Do campaign contribution limits matter?

  • Articles
  • Published:
Public Choice Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper examines whether campaign contribution restrictions have consequences for election outcomes. States are a natural laboratory to examine this issue. We analyze elections to Assemblies from 1980 to 2001 and determine whether candidates' vote shares are altered by changes in state campaign contribution restrictions. We find that limits on giving narrow the margin of victory of the winning candidate. Limits lead to closer elections for future incumbents, but have less effect on the margin of victory of incumbents who passed the campaign finance legislation. We also find some evidence that contribution limits increase the number of candidates in the race.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Angrist, J. (1991). Grouped-data estimation and testing in simple labor-supply models. Journal of Econometrics, 47, 243–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ansolabehere, S., de Figueredo, J. M., & Snyder, J. (2003). Why is there so little money in U.S. politics? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 17(1), Winter, 105–130.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Austen-Smith, D. (1987). Interest groups, campaign contributions and probabilistic voting. Public Choice, 54, 123–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bronars, S. G., & Lott, J. R. Jr. (1997). Do campaign donations alter how a politician votes? Or, do donors support candidates who value the same things that they do? Journal of Law and Economics, 40(2), 317–350.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coate, S. (2004a). Political competition with campaign contributions and informative advertising. Journal of the European Economic Association, 2(5), 772–804.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coate, S. (2004b). Pareto-improving campaign finance policy. The American Economic Review, 94(3), 628–655.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feigenbaum, E. D., & Palmer, J. A. (1980–2000). Campaign Finance Law, Federal Election Commission, Bi-Annual Issues.

  • Gierzynski, A., & Breaux, D. (1991). Money and votes in state legislative election. Legislative Studies Quarterly, 16, 203–217.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Green, D., & Krasno, J. (1988). Salvation of the spendthrift incumbent: Reestimating the effects of campaign spending in House elections. American Journal of Political Science, 32, 363–372.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grier, K. B. (1989). Campaign spending and senate elections, 1978–1984. Public Choice, 63(3), 201–220.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grier, K. B., & Munger M. C. (1991). Committee assignments, constituent preferences, and campaign contributions. Economic Inquiry, 29, 24–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gross, D. A., Goidel, R. K., & Shields, T. G. (2002). State campaign finance regulations and electoral competition. American Politics Research, 30(2), 143–165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hogan, R. (2000). The Costs of Representation in State Legislatures: Explaining Variations in Campaign Spending, Social Science Quarterly, 81(4), 941–956.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobson, G. (1978). The effects of campaign spending on congressional elections. American Political Science Review, 72, 469–491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kettl, D., et al. (1997). Report of the Commission, Vol. I, Governor's Blue-Ribbon Commission on Campaign Finance Reform, State of Wisconsin.

  • Kousser, T., & LaRaja, R. (2000). How Do Campaign Finance Laws Shape Fundraising Patterns and Electoral Outcomes? Evidence from the States, Working paper.

  • Kroszner, R. S., & Stratmann, T. (1998). Interest group competition and the organization of congress: Theory and evidence from financial services' political action committees. American Economic Review, 88, 1163–1187.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levitt, S. (1994). Using repeat challengers to estimate the effect of campaign spending on election outcomes in the U.S. house. Journal of Political Economy, 103, 777–798.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lott, J. R. (1987). The effect of nontransferable property rights on the efficiency of political markets. Journal of Public Economics, 31(2), 231–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malbin, M. J., & Gais, T. L. (1998). The Day After Reform: Sobering Campaign Finance Lessons from the American States. Rockefeller Institute Press.

  • Mayer, K. (1998). Public Financing and Electoral Competition in Minnesota and Wisconsin, University of Southern California.

  • Milyo, J. (1997). The economics of campaign finance: FECA and the puzzle of the not very greedy grandfathers. Public Choice, 93, 245–270.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milyo, J., Primo, D., & Groseclose, T. (2002). The Effects of State Campaign Finance Regulation on Turnout, Electoral Competition, and Partisan Advantage in Gubernatorial Elections, 1949–1998, Unpublished manuscript.

  • Milyo, J., & Groseclose, T. (1999). The electoral effects of incumbent wealth. Journal of Law and Economics, 42(2), 699–722.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mueller, D. C., & Stratmann, T. (1994). Informative and persuasive campaigning. Public Choice, 81(1), 55–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ortuno-Ortin, I., & Schultz, C. (2000). Public Funding for Political Parties, CESifo Working Paper No. 368.

  • Potters, J., Sloof, R., & van Winden, F. (1997). Campaign expenditures, contributions, and direct endorsements: The strategic use of information and money to influence voter behavior. European Journal of Political Economy, 13, 1–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prat, A. (2002a). Campaign advertising and voter welfare. Review of Economic Studies, 69(4), 999–1017.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prat, A. (2002b). Campaign spending with office-seeking politicians, rational voters, and multiple lobbies. Journal of Economic Theory, 103(1), 162–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramsden, G. P. (2002). State legislative campaign finance research: A review essay. State Politics and Policy Quarterly, 2(2), 176–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Redfield, K. D. (1995). Cah clout: Political Money in Illinois Legislative Elections. University of Illinois at Springfield.

  • Redfield, K. D. (2001). Money Counts: How Dollars Dominate Illinois Politics and What We Can Do About It. Institute for Public Affairs, University of Illinois at Springfield.

  • Snyder, J. M., Jr. (1992). Long-term investing in politicians: Or, give early, give often. Journal of Law and Economics, 35, 15–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, B. A. (1995). Campaign Finance Regulation: Faulty Assumptions and Undemocratic Consequences. Cato Policy Analysis, 238.

  • Stratmann, T. (1991). What do campaign contributions buy? Deciphering causal effects of money and votes. Southern Economic Journal, 57, 606–664.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stratmann, T. (1992). Are contributions rational? Untangling strategies of political action committees. Journal of Political Economy, 100(3), 647–664.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stratmann, T. (1995). Campaign contributions and congressional voting: Does the timing of contributions matter? Review of Economics and Statistics, 72(1).

  • Stratmann, T. (1998). The market for congressional votes: Is the timing of contributions everything? Journal of Law and Economics, 41, 85–114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, J. A., & Moncrief, G. F. (eds.) (1998). Campaign Finance in State Legislative Elections. Congressional Quarterly Books.

  • Wittman, D. (2002). Candidate Quality, Pressure Group Endorsements, and Uninformed Voters, Unpublished manuscript, University of California, Santa Cruz.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Stratmann, T., J., F. & Aparicio-Castillo Competition policy for elections: Do campaign contribution limits matter?. Public Choice 127, 177–206 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-006-1252-x

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-006-1252-x

Keywords

Navigation