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An approach for assessing the effects of site-specific fertilization on crop growth and yield of durum wheat in organic agriculture

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Abstract

Precision agriculture (PA) technologies allow us to assess field variability and support site-specific (SSP) application of inputs. The joint application of PA and organic farming practices might be synergetic. The objective of this 3-year study was to propose a multivariate statistical and geostatistical approach, to evaluate the effects of SSP nitrogen (N) fertilization on durum wheat in transition to organic farming. Soil parameters were measured to assess soil fertility level before the SSP fertilization on wheat, which was carried out by management zones in the third year. Radiometric measurements were performed with a hyperspectral spectroradiometer and N-uptake at anthesis and grain yield were determined. The expected values and 95 % confidence intervals of the soil parameters, N-uptake and yield data were estimated with polygon kriging for each management zone. Reflectance data were reduced through principal component analysis and the retained principal components were submitted to factorial co-kriging analysis to estimate orthogonal scale-dependent factors. Comparisons between N-uptake and yield and between the retained regionalized factors (F1) and yield were performed. The spatial pattern of F1 at shorter scales was mostly reproduced in the N-uptake map, suggesting the predictive capacity of hyperspectral data for crop N-status. Within-cluster variance for yield was reduced, quite probably as a combined effect of meteorological pattern and management. The preliminary results seem to be promising in the perspective of PA. Moreover, an inverse relationship between grain yield and crop N-status was observed.

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Acknowledgments

The work has been supported by Italian Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Policies under contract no. 24324/7742/2009 (“Sistemi colturali e interventi agronomici innovativi in agricoltura biologica” BIOINNOVA, Coordinator: Dr. Domenico Ventrella, CRA—SCA, Research Unit for Cropping Systems in Dry Environments, Bari). The authors thank M. Mastrangelo for his skilful technical assistance for chemical analysis. This work was benefited from the fertilizer supplying for free from the ILSA S.p.A. (Dr. Eugenio Babini). The authors wish to thank also the John Deere Company (Dr. Matteo Antonello).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Scienze Agro-ambientali e Territoriali, University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126, Bari, Italy

    M. Diacono & P. Rubino

  2. Consiglio per la ricerca e la sperimentazione in agricoltura - Unità di ricerca per i sistemi colturali degli ambienti caldo-aridi (Bari), Via C. Ulpiani 5, 70125, Bari, Italy

    M. Diacono, A. Castrignanò, C. Vitti, A. M. Stellacci, D. De Benedetto & D. Ventrella

  3. Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126, Bari, Italy

    L. Marino & C. Cocozza

  4. Consiglio per la ricerca e la sperimentazione in agricoltura - Centro di ricerca per la cerealicoltura, S.S. 16, km 675, 71122, Foggia, Italy

    A. Troccoli

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  1. M. Diacono
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  2. A. Castrignanò
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  3. C. Vitti
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  4. A. M. Stellacci
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  5. L. Marino
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  6. C. Cocozza
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  7. D. De Benedetto
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  8. A. Troccoli
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  9. P. Rubino
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  10. D. Ventrella
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Correspondence to M. Diacono.

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Diacono, M., Castrignanò, A., Vitti, C. et al. An approach for assessing the effects of site-specific fertilization on crop growth and yield of durum wheat in organic agriculture. Precision Agric 15, 479–498 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-014-9347-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-014-9347-8

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