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Improved phosphorus nutrition by arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis as a key factor facilitating glycyrrhizin and liquiritin accumulation in Glycyrrhiza uralensis

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Abstract

Background and aims

Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) is an important medicinal plant as it accumulates active ingredients, glycyrrhizin and liquiritin, in its roots. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis and phosphorus (P) nutrition both affect the accumulation of glycyrrhizin and liquiritin in liquorice roots and it is well known that AM symbiosis mediates P nutrition in many plant species. However, whether AM symbiosis affects the accumulation of glycyrrhizin and liquiritin in G. uralensis through P nutrition is largely unknown.

Methods

In order to compare the P addition and AM effects on plant performance, we carried out a controlled-environment experiment in which non-AM plants were subjected to different P addition levels compared with an AM inoculated treatment with no P addition. Plant dry weight, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate, root P, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) concentrations, glycyrrhizin and liquiritin concentrations, as well as the expression of glycyrrhizin and liquiritin biosynthesis genes were measured.

Results

Both P addition and AM inoculation improved plant growth and photosynthesis traits. When root P concentration of non-AM plants matched that of AM plants, both plants showed similar glycyrrhizin and liquiritin concentrations, C:N ratios and biosynthesis gene expressions.

Conclusions

The results suggested that improved P nutrition by AM symbiosis was of primary importance for facilitating glycyrrhizin and liquiritin accumulation in G. uralensis plants. This confirmed the role of AM symbiosis improving plant P uptake in the regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis.

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Abbreviations

AM:

Arbuscular mycorrhiza

HMGR :

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutary CoA reductase gene

FPS :

Farnesyl diphosphate synthase gene

SQS :

Squalene synthase gene

β-AS :

β-amyrin synthase gene

CYP88D6 :

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase 88D6 gene

CYP72A154 :

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase 72A154 gene

UGAT :

UDP-dependent glucuronosyltransferases gene

CHS :

Chalcone synthase gene

P:

Phosphorus

C:

Carbon

N:

Nitrogen

MVA:

Mevalonic acid

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Yan Zeng from China National Traditional Chinese Medicine Corporation for providing the Glycyrrhiza uralensis seeds and Dr. Pengyue Li from Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences for assisting the determination of active ingredients in Glycyrrhiza uralensis plants. This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project no. 41571250) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Project no. 2016YFC0500702).

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqinglu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China

    Wei Xie, Zhipeng Hao, Meng Yu, Zhaoxiang Wu, Aihua Zhao, Jinglong Li, Xin Zhang & Baodong Chen

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Wei Xie, Meng Yu, Aihua Zhao, Jinglong Li & Baodong Chen

  3. Jiangxi Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Remediation of Heavy Metal Pollution, Institute of Biology and Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, 330096, China

    Zhaoxiang Wu

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Xie, W., Hao, Z., Yu, M. et al. Improved phosphorus nutrition by arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis as a key factor facilitating glycyrrhizin and liquiritin accumulation in Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Plant Soil 439, 243–257 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-3861-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-3861-9

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