Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites are currently in high demand for developing various types of flexible electronic devices.In the progress of polymer nanocomposite materials, herein, tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles and PVA:CA/SnO2 conductive polymer nanocomposite papers were synthesized by the sol–gel method as flexible polymer electrodes. Different molar concentrations of SnO2 were used as a conductive agents in nanocomposites, and citric acid was used to improve the mechanical properties of PVA/SnO2 hydrogel nanocomposite. The nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The XRD results showed that at an annealing temperature of T = 500 °C, the structure of SnO2 nanoparticles is completely crystalline and corresponds to the tetragonal structure. Also, the intensity of diffraction peaks indicates the increase in the size of nanocrystals and a strengthening of the crystal order. TEM imaging of SnO2 nanoparticles showed that the size of nanoparticles after annealing at T = 500 °C is in the range of 5–25 nm. The results of UV–Vis spectroscopy also showed that the optical transmission by injecting SnO2 nanoparticles into the polymer substrate reduces the optical transparency and adding citric acid to the polymer substrate increases the transparency of PVA:CA/SnO2 nanocomposites compared to PVA/SnO2 polymer. Also, the energy gap from PVA/SnO2 and PVA:CA/SnO2 nanocomposite papers showed that by increasing the concentration of SnO2 nanoparticles, the energy gap decreases, and the energy gap was estimated in the range of 3.15–4.04 eV.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by MM. B-M, and SAS. The first draft of the manuscript was written by A. Shirpay and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Sajedi, S.A., Bagheri–Mohagheghi, M.M. & Shirpay, A. Synthesis and characterization of PVA: CA/SnO2 polymer nanocomposites for flexible electrode applications—Investigation of structural and optical properties. Opt Quant Electron 55, 54 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-022-04322-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-022-04322-2