Abstract
Photodynamic therapy implies a combined use of a photosensitizing medicament and low-intensity light to cause selective damage to the target tissue—tumor. As potential medicament, we use Ru(II)(dcbpy)2Cl2 complex, and in order to achieve better photosensitization properties, the Ru complex was attached to the nano carrier—TiO2 nanoparticles. Additionally, this nanocomposite system was encapsulated in the phospholipid vesicles, which could be classified as small unilamellar vesicles, based on the technique of production. The complex-release tests were performed under light illumination, at pH 5, characteristic for tumor cells` interior and compared with the release pattern at pH 7, characteristic for the serum, i.e. physiological solution.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alonso, A., Sáez, R., Villena, A., Goñi, F.M.: Increase in size of sonicated phospholipid vesicles in the presence of detergents. J. Membr. Biol. 67, 55–62 (1982)
Chen, Y., Wan, Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, H., Jiao, Z.: Anticancer efficacy enhancement and attenuation of side effects of doxorubicin with titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Int. J. Nanomed. 6, 2321–2326 (2011)
Davidson, W.S., Jonas, A., Clayton, D.F., George, J.M.: Stabilization of alpha-synuclein secondary structure upon binding to synthetic membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 9443–9449 (1998)
Dougherty, T.J., Gomer, C.J., Henderson, B.W., Jori, G., Kessel, D., Korbelik, M., Moan, J., Peng, Q.: Photodynamic therapy. JNCI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 90, 889–905 (1998)
Furusawa, N., Ozaki, A., Nakamura, M., Morita, Y., Okazaki, K.: Simple and rapid extraction method of total egg lipids for determining organochlorine pesticides in the egg. J. Chromatogr. A 830, 473–476 (1999)
Hou, Z., Zhang, Y., Deng, K., Chen, Y., Li, X., Deng, X., Cheng, Z., Lian, H., Li, C., Lin, J.: UV-emitting upconversion-based TiO2 photosensitizing nanoplatform: near-infrared light mediated in vivo photodynamic therapy via mitochondria-involved apoptosis pathway. ACS Nano 9, 2584–2599 (2015)
Hu, J., Tang, Y., Elmenoufy, A.H., Xu, H., Cheng, Z., Yang, X.: Nanocomposite-based photodynamic therapy strategies for deep tumor treatment. Mat. Views 11, 5860–5887 (2015)
Levina, A., Mitra, A., Lay, P.A.: Recent developments in ruthenium anticancer drugs. Metallomics 1, 458–470 (2009)
Lin, X.C., Rajh, T., Zhiyu, W., Thurnauer, M.C.: XAFS studies of surface structures of TiO2 nanoparticles and photocatalytic reduction of metal ions. J. Phys. Chem. B 101, 10688–10697 (1997)
Nazeeruddin, M.K., Zakeeruddin, S.M., Humphry-Baker, R., Jirousek, M., Liska, P., Vlachopoulos, N., Shklover, V., Fischer, C.-H., Grätzel, M.: Acid-base equilibria of (2,2′-Bipyridyl-4,4′-dicarboxylicacid)ruthenium(II)} complexes and the effect of protonation on charge-transfer sensitization of nanocrystalline titania. Inorg. Chem. 38, 6298–6305 (1999)
Nazeeruddin, M.K., Humphry-Baker, R., Liska, P., Grätzel, M.: Investigation of sensitizer adsorption and the influence of protons on current and voltage of a dye-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 solar cell. J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 8981–8987 (2003)
Nešić, M., Popović, I., Leskovac, A., Šaponjić, Z., Radoičić, M., Stepić, M., Petković, M.: Testing the photo-sensitive nanocomposite system for potential controlled metallo-drug delivery. Opt. Quantum Electron. 48, 119–126 (2016)
Nešić, M., Žakula, J., Korićanac, L., Stepić, M., Radoičić, M., Popović, I., Šaponjić, Z., Petković, M.: Light controlled metallo-drug delivery system based on the TiO2- nanoparticles and Ru-complex. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. 347, 55–66 (2017)
Rajh, T., Šaponjić, Z., Liu, J., Dimitrijević, N.M., Scherer, N.F., Arroyo, V.M., Zapol, P., Curtiss, L.A., Thurnauer, M.C.: Charge transfer across the nanocrystalline-DNA interface: probing DNA recognition. Nano Lett. 4, 1017–1023 (2004)
Savić, T., Janković, I., Šaponjić, Z., Čomor, M., Veljković, D., Zarić, S., Nedeljković, J.: Surface modification of anatase nanoparticles with fused ring catecholate type ligands: a combined DFT and experimental study of optical properties. Nanoscale 4, 1612–1619 (2012)
Wang, T., Jiang, H., Wan, L., Zhao, Q., Jiang, T., Wang, B., Wang, S.: Potential application of functional porous TiO2 nanoparticles in light-controlled drug release and targeted drug delivery. Acta Biomater. 13, 354–363 (2015)
Zhang, H., Wang, C., Chen, B., Wang, X.: Daunorubicin-TiO2 nanocomposites as a “smart” pH-responsive drug delivery system. Int. J. Nanomedicine 7, 235–242 (2012)
Zhang, H., Shan, Y., Dong, L.: A Comparison of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy for cancer. J. Biomed. Nanotechnol. 10, 1450–1457 (2014)
Acknowledgements
This work was funded by the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grants OI 172011, OI 172056 and III 45010.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Focus on Optics and Bio-photonics, Photonica 2017.
Guest Edited by Jelena Radovanovic, Aleksandar Krmpot, Marina Lekic, Trevor Benson, Mauro Pereira, Marian Marciniak.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Matijević, M., Nešić, M., Stepić, M. et al. Light controllable TiO2-Ru nanocomposite system encapsulated in phospholipid unilamellar vesicles for anti-cancer photodynamic therapy. Opt Quant Electron 50, 232 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-018-1495-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-018-1495-z