Abstract
Based on the uniaxial compression test, this study examined the effect of the dip angle of the rock formation on crack initiation, propagation, and penetration failure mechanism under the combined effects of freeze–thaw and load, utilizing the discrete element programmed. The results show that: The fracture area of fractured rock mass is mainly caused by fatigue damage caused by stress concentration at the end of fracture. The crack propagation path at the crack tip may be deflected due to the influence of freeze–thaw cycles. With the increase of the dip angle of the rock bridge, the failure mechanism of the rock sample gradually evolved from a single tension failure to a mixed tension-shear failure, and the fractal dimension of the crack increased first and then decreased. When the dip angle of the rock bridge is α < 60°, the relative displacement of the outer tip of the crack is shear dislocation, resulting in a low degree of stress. When the dip angle of the rock bridge is α ≥ 60°, the crack is separated and open, and the secondary inclined crack at the outer tip is transformed into a secondary coplanar crack, and the crack propagates from the loading direction to the crack direction. The deflection of the stress concentration area at the tip of the crack causes the deflection of the crack propagation direction, and the peak strength is inverted “spoon”.
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This study was financially supported by the projects (Grant Nos: 52274071, 52304118) supported by NSFC, the Scientific Research Foundation for High-level Talents of Anhui University of Science and Technology (2023yjrc18), Supported by the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mine (SKLMRDPC23KF08).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by HX, YJ, QA, and CL. The first draft of the manuscript was written by YX, ZW and MY, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Xu, Y., Wang, Z., Yu, M. et al. Simulation study of the rupture mechanism of through-cracking under freeze–thaw load coupling effect. Nat Hazards (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-024-06587-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-024-06587-0