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The Role of IL-6 in Neurodegenerative Disorders

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Abstract

“Neurodegenerative disorder” is an umbrella term for a group of fatal progressive neurological illnesses characterized by neuronal loss and inflammation. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pleiotropic cytokine, significantly affects the activities of nerve cells and plays a pivotal role in neuroinflammation. Furthermore, as high levels of IL-6 have been frequently observed in association with several neurodegenerative disorders, it may potentially be used as a biomarker for the progression and prognosis of these diseases. This review summarizes the production and function of IL-6 as well as its downstream signaling pathways. Moreover, we make a comprehensive review on the roles of IL-6 in neurodegenerative disorders and its potential clinical application.

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Abbreviations

IL-6:

Interleukin-6

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease

PD:

Parkinson’s disease

ALS:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

HD:

Huntington’s disease

MS:

Multiple sclerosis

CNS:

Central nervous system

IL-1β:

Interleukin-1 beta

IL-6R:

IL-6 receptor

mIL-6R:

Membrane-bound IL-6R

sIL-6R:

Soluble IL-6R

gp130:

Glycoprotein 130

JAK:

Janus kinase

STAT:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription

NSCs:

Neural stem cells

CSF:

Cerebrospinal fluid

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Chenguang Zhang and Wenting Hou for critically reviewing the manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82003809), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 7222157) and Beijing Hospital Nova Project (BJ-2020-087).

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  1. National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Chen Shan, Chao Zhang & Chuanbao Zhang

  2. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Chen Shan, Chao Zhang & Chuanbao Zhang

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  1. Chen Shan
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CS and CZ: designed the study, and drafted the manuscript, CZ: participated in the revision of the manuscript.

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Shan, C., Zhang, C. & Zhang, C. The Role of IL-6 in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Neurochem Res 49, 834–846 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-023-04085-6

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