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Annealing-induced oxidation state transition, crystal formation, optical properties, and photocatalytic activity of vanadium oxide nanoparticles

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Abstract

Vanadium has various oxidation states and multiple crystalline phases that make it interesting for various applications. The oxidation state transition and crystal formation of vanadium oxide (VOx) were affected by growth conditions and annealing temperatures. In this study, VOx nanopowders were prepared by hydrothermal method, and annealing-induced characterizations of VOx were analyzed. The morphologies, structures, composition, and optical properties of VOx were characterized by SEM, XRD, EDX, FTIR, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that the annealing temperature significantly affected the transition of oxide states from the VOOH and VOx clusters to V2O5 nanoparticles and the crystal size from amorphous to 38.96 nm which led to an increase in the optical band gap from 2.28, 2.26 to 2.39 and 2.38 eV as increasing calcination temperature and enhanced photocatalytic activity under sunlight irradiation. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectra reveal that the percentage molar mass between vanadium and oxygen changes due to the oxidation state transition and the formation of oxygen vacancies in V2O5. The relation between nanoparticle size, oxidation state, and crystal size was clarified by comparing EDX and XRD spectra.

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Funding

This research is funded by the University of Science, VNU-HCM under grant number T2023-56.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam

    Doan Huu Nhan, Huynh Ngoc Cong, Nguyen Ngoc Thanh Nha, Le Phuoc Hai, Nguyen Trong Toan & Top Khac Le

  2. Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam

    Doan Huu Nhan, Huynh Ngoc Cong, Nguyen Ngoc Thanh Nha, Le Phuoc Hai, Nguyen Trong Toan, Hoang Luong Cuong, Le Van Hieu & Top Khac Le

  3. Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam

    Hoang Luong Cuong

  4. Laboratory of Multifunctional Materials, University of Science, VNU-HCM, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam

    Le Van Hieu

  5. Department of Semiconductor Physics and Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea

    Sok Won Kim

  6. Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan

    Phuong V. Pham

  7. Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam

    Le T. Lu

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  1. Doan Huu Nhan
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Contributions

Doan Huu Nhan: conceptualization and writing—original draft; Huynh Ngoc Cong: formal analysis and investigation; Nguyen Ngoc Thanh Nha: formal analysis and investigation; Le Phuoc Hai: formal analysis and investigation; Nguyen Trong Toan: formal analysis and investigation; Hoang Luong Cuong: formal analysis and investigation; Sokwon Kim: writing—review and editing Phuong; V. Pham: writing—review and editing; Le T. Lu: writing—review and editing; Le Van Hieu: writing—review and editing; Top Khac Le: supervision, conceptualization, writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Top Khac Le.

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Nhan, D.H., Cong, H.N., Nha, N.N.T. et al. Annealing-induced oxidation state transition, crystal formation, optical properties, and photocatalytic activity of vanadium oxide nanoparticles. J Nanopart Res 26, 90 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-024-05994-5

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