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Exosomes in renal cell carcinoma: challenges and opportunities

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Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer that accounts for approximately 2–3% of adult malignancies. Among the primary treatment methods for this type of cancer are surgery and targeted treatment. Still, due to less than optimal effectiveness, there are problems such as advanced distant metastasis, delayed diagnosis, and drug resistance that continue to plague patients. In recent years, therapeutic advances have increased life expectancy and effective treatment in renal cell carcinoma patients. One of these methods is the use of stem cells. Although the therapeutic effects of stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells, are still impressive, today, extracellular vesicles (EVs) as carrying molecules and various mediators in intercellular communications, having a central role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, immune evasion, and drug response, and on the other hand, due to its low immunogenicity and strong regulatory properties of the immune system, has received much attention from researchers and doctors. Despite the increasing interest in exosomes as the most versatile type of EVs, the heterogeneity of their efficacy presents challenges and, on the other hand, exciting opportunities for diagnostic and clinical interventions.

In the upcoming article, we will review the various aspects of exosomes’ effects in the prevention, treatment, and progress of renal cell carcinoma and also ways to optimize them to strengthen their positive sides.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Mahan Mohammadi, Kamran Mansouri, Pantea Mohammadi & Houshang Najafi

  2. Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Kamran Mansouri & Houshang Najafi

  3. Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Mehran pournazari

Authors
  1. Mahan Mohammadi
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  2. Kamran Mansouri
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  3. Pantea Mohammadi
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  4. Mehran pournazari
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  5. Houshang Najafi
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Contributions

Houshang Najafi, designed the study and reviewed and edited the manuscript, Mahan Mohammadi contributed to conceptualization, reviewed the literature and wrote the manuscript draft. Kamran Mansouri and Mehran Pournazeri participated in drafting the manuscript and editing. Pantea Mohammadi, contributed to figure designing.All authors reviewed the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Houshang Najafi.

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Ethical approval

This study was approved by the research deputy of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran (Ethics approval ID: IR.KUMS.REC.1401.253).

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Mohammadi, M., Mansouri, K., Mohammadi, P. et al. Exosomes in renal cell carcinoma: challenges and opportunities. Mol Biol Rep 51, 443 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-024-09384-x

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