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Exploring the polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages in the context of skin diseases

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Abstract

Macrophages are critical components of the immune system and play vital roles in pathogen defense, immune regulation, and tissue repair. These cells exhibit different polarization states depending on environmental signals, and the M1/M2 paradigm is a useful tool for comprehending these states. This review article comprehensively presents the underlying mechanisms of M1 and M2 macrophage polarization and examines their polarization in various skin diseases. Additionally, this paper discusses therapeutic strategies that target M1 and M2 macrophage polarization in skin diseases. A more profound understanding of macrophage polarization in skin diseases could provide valuable insights for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies.

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Funding

The authors did not receive any funding for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, The 1st Hospital of Shanxi Medical University; Graduate Department of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China

    Ernestina Apeku

  2. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Marcarious M. Tantuoyir

  3. Department of Dermatology, The 1st Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China

    Rui Zheng

  4. School of Automation Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China

    Nestor Tanye

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  1. Ernestina Apeku
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  2. Marcarious M. Tantuoyir
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  3. Rui Zheng
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  4. Nestor Tanye
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Contributions

Conceptualization, AE and ZR; writing—original draft preparation, AE, MMT, NT; writing—review and editing, MMT and ZR; supervision, ZR. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Marcarious M. Tantuoyir or Rui Zheng.

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Apeku, E., Tantuoyir, M.M., Zheng, R. et al. Exploring the polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages in the context of skin diseases. Mol Biol Rep 51, 269 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-09014-y

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