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Investigating the relationship between the VNTR variant of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene and coronary in-stent restenosis

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Abstract

Objective

This study aimed to examine the association between the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene (IL-1RN) and coronary in-stent restenosis (ISR) through the analysis of the VNTR variant based on the previously reported results.

Materials and methods

The samples were classified into two clearly defined groups: the case group, which comprised 45 patients diagnosed with in-stent restenosis (ISR+), and the control group, which included 60 patients without ISR (ISR-). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to examine the 86-bp VNTR variant of the IL-1RN gene.

Results

In the analysis of six identified groups consisting of variant alleles of 86 base pairs of VNTR of the IL-1RN gene statistically significant difference was observed for the presence of IL1RN*2 allele between cases and controls (p = 0.04, OR; 0.045).

Conclusion

Individuals with allele 2 of the IL-1Ra gene may be more predisposed to ISR. This could be due to an imbalance between IL-1Ra and IL-1β which is crucial in preventing the initiation or advancement of inflammatory diseases in specific organs. The observed phenomenon can be characterized by increased production of IL-1β and potential reduction of IL-1Ra as a result of functional VNTR variation in IL-RN gene.

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Abbreviations

ABL3 :

Alveolar Bone Level 3

ACS :

Acute coronary syndrome

AMI & MI :

Myocardial Infarction

BMI :

Body Mass Index

bp :

Base pair

CAD :

Coronary Artery Disease

CHD :

Coronary Heart Disease

CMV :

Cytomegalovirus

FH :

Positive Familial Hypercholesterolemia (Dyslipidemia)

HTN :

Hypertension

HPL :

Hyperlipidemia, Positive

IHD:

Ischemic Heart Disease

IKBL:

Inhibitor of kappa B-like protein

IL-1:

Interleukin-1

IL-10:

Interleukin-10

IL-12:

Interleukin-12

IL-1R:

Interleukin-1 Receptor

IL-1Ra:

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist

IL-1RN:

Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist

IL-1β:

Interleukin 1, Beta

IL-4:

Interleukin-4

IL-8:

Interleukin-8

ISR:

In-Stent Restenosis

ISR-:

non-ISR group

ISR+:

In-Stent Restenosis Group

MVD:

Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease

NTC:

Non-Template Control

PCI:

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

PCR:

Polymerase Chain Reaction

PE:

Periodontitis

PTCA:

Percutaneous Coronary Angioplasty

RA:

Rheumatoid Arthritis

SMC:

Smooth Muscle Cells

SNPs:

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms

SVD:

Single Vessel Diseaseg

TGF-β:

Transforming growth factor -β

TNF-α:

Tumor Necrosis Factor–Alpha

TNF-β:

Tumor Necrosis Factor –Beta

UC:

Ulcerative Colitis

USAP:

Unstable Angina Pectoris

VNTR:

Variable Number of Tandem Repeats

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Funding

The research conducted in this study received financial support from the Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute (EMRI) at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran.

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Author notes

  1. Zeynab Nickhah Klashami and Atoosa Mostafavi have shared the first authorship.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Metabolic Disorders Research Centre, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Zeynab Nickhah Klashami & Mahsa M. Amoli

  2. Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Atoosa Mostafavi, Majid Gholamzadeh Roudbordeh & Ali Abbasi

  3. Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata, Italy

    Pirooz Ebrahimi

  4. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mojgan Asadi

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  1. Zeynab Nickhah Klashami
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Klashami, Z.N., Mostafavi, A., Roudbordeh, M.G. et al. Investigating the relationship between the VNTR variant of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene and coronary in-stent restenosis. Mol Biol Rep 50, 8575–8587 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08759-w

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