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Calcium hypochlorite on mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (NIH3T3) in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity: MTT and comet assay

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Abstract

Antimicrobial irrigation solutions are widely used under clinical settings. Their effect on dental tissue is a subject of recent research, which aims for a safer irrigant for clinical use. In this regard, here our goal was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and the genotoxicity of calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) solution, along with NaOCl, on Mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (NIH3T3). First, Cells were treated either with NaOCl or Ca(OCl)2 in a time- and dose-dependent manner for cytotoxicity by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, then cell viability was calculated according to cell proliferation plots. Secondly, genotoxicity was assessed by Comet assay. Data were statistically analyzed by Tukey’s test (P < .05). NaOCl and Ca(OCl)2 had similar effects on cellular viability at 3 and 6 h treatments. Cell viability of Ca(OCl)2 at concentrations of 0.0125%, 0.025%, 0.05%, or 0.125% was significantly lower than that of NaOCl at 24 h treatment (P < .05).Comparing Ca(OCl)2 and NaOCl treatments at all time points and concentrations, the damaged cell number of Ca(OCl)2 was almost fourfold higher than that of NaOCl. In conclusion, both, NaOCl and Ca(OCl)2 solutions were cytotoxic and genotoxic to NIH3T3, however, Ca(OCl)2 had a significantly higher damaged cell percentage than NaOCl at all time points and concentrations investigated.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Center of Cukurova University (Project number: TSA-2015-3365). The authors deny any conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey

    Şehnaz Yilmaz, Oguz Yoldas & Aysin Dumani

  2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey

    Gizem Guler & Ayla Celik

  3. Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey

    Seda Ilgaz, Eylül Akbal, Hale Oksuz & Bertan Yilmaz

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  1. Şehnaz Yilmaz
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  2. Oguz Yoldas
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Correspondence to Ayla Celik.

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Yilmaz, Ş., Yoldas, O., Dumani, A. et al. Calcium hypochlorite on mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (NIH3T3) in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity: MTT and comet assay. Mol Biol Rep 47, 5377–5383 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05624-y

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