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RNA binding motif 47 (RBM47): emerging roles in vertebrate development, RNA editing and cancer

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Abstract

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are critical players in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and are associated with each event in RNA metabolism. The term ‘RNA-binding motif’ (RBM) is assigned to novel RBPs with one or more RNA recognition motif (RRM) domains that are mainly involved in the nuclear processing of RNAs. RBM47 is a novel RBP conserved in vertebrates with three RRM domains whose contributions to various aspects of cellular functions are as yet emerging. Loss of RBM47 function affects head morphogenesis in zebrafish embryos and leads to perinatal lethality in mouse embryos, thereby assigning it to be an essential gene in early development of vertebrates. Its function as an essential cofactor for APOBEC1 in C to U RNA editing of several targets through substitution for A1CF in the A1CF-APOBEC1 editosome, established a new paradigm in the field. Recent advances in the understanding of its involvement in cancer progression assigned RBM47 to be a tumor suppressor that acts by inhibiting EMT and Wnt/\(\upbeta\)-catenin signaling through post-transcriptional regulation. RBM47 is also required to maintain immune homeostasis, which adds another facet to its regulatory role in cellular functions. Here, we review the emerging roles of RBM47 in various biological contexts and discuss the current gaps in our knowledge alongside future perspectives for the field.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India (BT/PR15178/MED/31/313/2015). P.K.M.S was supported by University Grants Commission, India and V.S is funded by Indian Council of Medical Research.

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  1. National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India

    Pavan Kumar Mysuru Shivalingappa, Vaishali Sharma, Anjali Shiras & Sharmila A. Bapat

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PKMS, AS, and SAB had the idea for the article. PKMS and VS performed the literature search and prepared the original draft. SAB critically revised and edited the draft.

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Shivalingappa, P.K.M., Sharma, V., Shiras, A. et al. RNA binding motif 47 (RBM47): emerging roles in vertebrate development, RNA editing and cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 476, 4493–4505 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-021-04256-5

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