Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) using λ-Carrageenan (λ-CAN)—induced acute inflammation in the mice model. A single subplantar injection of λ-CAN (1% in 0.9% saline) triggers acute paw edema. ANP (2 μg/kg body weight/day/i.p) was given 30 min prior or after administration of λ-CAN. The standard drug Aspirin (ASP) treated group was used as a positive control. A marked increase in paw thickness (32.56% p < 0.001) and thermal pain latency (0.82 ± 0.03 vs 3.6 ± 0.12; P < 0.001) were noticed in λ-CAN-induced mice as compared with control. The level of pro-inflammatory marker genes such as Nuclear factor-κB and Cyclooxygenase-2 were significantly increased (p < 0.001 respectively) in λ-CAN-induced mice as compared with control. A similar trend was noticed in pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin-6, Interleukin-1 beta, Tumour necrosis factor-alpha and Prostaglandin E2 (p < 0.001 respectively). On the contrary, ANP exhibits a marked reduction in paw edema thickness (pre-8.76% and post-9.12%, p < 0.001) and thermal pain latency in both pre-0.82 ± 0.03 vs 1.2 ± 0.06 and post-0.82 ± 0.03 vs 1.6 ± 0.02 (P < 0.001) were noticed in ANP pre-and post-treated group. Further myeloperoxidase activity, pro-inflammatory marker genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines were also reverted (p < 0.01 respectively) to near-normal levels. The present study results suggest that pre-and post-treatment of ANP positively neutralizes the λ-CAN induced acute edematic and inflammatory responses. The anti-edematic and anti-inflammatory action of ANP was found to be much more effective than that of the non-steroidal drug aspirin (ASP).
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Acknowledgements
Dr. EV greatly acknowledges UGC-SAP DRS-II (F.5/2015/DRS-II (SAP-II), India, for the financial support. LK wishes to thank the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) (45/7/2019-IMM/BMS) for the Senior Research Fellowship (SRF). AB wishes to thank the Indian council of medical research (ICMR) (F.No.45/28/2020-BIO/BMS) for the Senior Research Fellowship (SRF). KK wishes to thank the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) (45/29/2018/TM/BMS) for the Senior Research Fellowship (SRF). SD wish to thank the University Grant Commission-Basic Scientific Research (UGC-BSR) (GCCO/A-2/UGC/ MERITORIOUS/2015) fellowship in science.
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Dr. EV greatly acknowledges UGC-SAP DRS-II (F.5/2015/DRS-II (SAP-II), India, for the financial support.
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Kalaiarasu, L.P., Babu, A.A., Krishnan, K. et al. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Suppress λ-Carrageenan-Induced Acute Paw Edema by Modulating Pro-inflammatory Genes in Swiss Albino Mice. Int J Pept Res Ther 28, 138 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10989-022-10444-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10989-022-10444-8