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Investigation of unsteady nanofluid over half infinite domain under the action of parametric effects and EPNM

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Abstract

The EPNM (Effective Prandtl Number Model) is a significant single phase nanofluid model developed for γAl2O3/H2O. This model includes up to quadratic nanoparticles concentration factor which contributes potentially in the performance of γAl2O3/H2O. As, the Al2O3 nanoparticles gained much popularity because of their promising properties. Therefore, a new novel model based analysis is conducted in this research through a rotating disc. The influential applications of such geometry exist in brakes, gears, gas turbines and flywheels etc. To make the model more reliable for multiple applications, the essential physical constituents like exponentially growing heat source, normal magnetic field, and Joule heating etc. variations are taken. A comprehensive analysis of the model is then performed via numerical way and interpreted the results. Impacts of Al2O3 concentration on the characteristics of nanofluid, thermal behavior, shear drag and heat transport rate are analyzed. In the view of presented study, it is observed that the addition of nanoparticles in the common working fluids potentially affects the basic properties of fluids which make them more influential for the practical applications. The effective Prandtl number increased from 1.00039 to 1.00237, dynamic viscosity from 1.00037 to 1.00442, electrical conductivity from 1.0003 to 1.0018, and heat capacity from 0.999973 to 0.999836 when the Al2O3 amount is taken from 0.001 to 0.006%. Further, the temperature performance improved when heating source range selected 0.1–0.7 and it diminishes against \(M=\mathrm{1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0}\), and \(\lambda =\mathrm{0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4}\).

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Abbreviations

\(\widetilde{u}, \widetilde{v}\) :

Velocities (m s−1)

\(\widetilde{T}\) :

Temperature (K)

\(\widetilde{{T}_{{\text{s}}}}\) :

Surface temperature (K)

\({\widetilde{T}}_{\infty }\) :

Temperature at ambient position (K)

\({L}_{1}\) :

Arbitrary constant

\({\rho }_{{\text{nf}}}\) :

Density (kg m−3)

\({\rho }_{{\text{s}}}\) :

Particles density (kg m−3)

\({\rho }_{{\text{f}}}\) :

Basic fluid’s density (kg m−3)

\({\sigma }_{{\text{nf}}}\) :

Electrical conductivity (S m−1)

\({\sigma }_{{\text{s}}}\) :

Particles electrical conductivity (S m−1)

\({\sigma }_{{\text{f}}}\) :

Basic fluid’s electrical conductivity (S m−1)

\({\mu }_{{\text{nf}}}\) :

Dynamic viscosity (kg m−1 s−1)

\({\mu }_{{\text{f}}}\) :

Basic fluid’s dynamic viscosity (kg m−1 s−1)

\({k}_{{\text{nf}}}\) :

Thermal conductivity (W m−1 K−1)

\({k}_{{\text{s}}}\) :

Particles thermal conductivity (W m−1 K−1)

\({k}_{{\text{f}}}\) :

Basic fluid’s thermal conductivity (W m−1 K−1)

\(\phi\) :

Nano particles concentration

\(\eta\) :

Dimensionless variable

\(S\) :

Unsteady parameter

\(M\) :

Hartmann number

\({\text{Pr}}\) :

Prandtl number

\(Q\) :

Heat generation number

\({\text{Ec}}\) :

Eckert number

\(\gamma\) :

Velocity slip number

\(F^{\prime}\) :

Dimensionless velocity

\(\beta\) :

Dimensionless temperature

\({C}_{{\text{F}}}\) :

Skin friction

\({\text{Nu}}\) :

Nusselt number

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Acknowledgements

The authors extend their appreciation to the research unit at King Khalid University for funding this work through Project number 132/45 and the authors acknowledge the Center of Bee Research and its Products, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia for their valuable technical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia

    Mutasem Z. Bani-Fwaz

  2. Center of Bee Research and its Products, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia

    Mutasem Z. Bani-Fwaz

  3. Department of Mathematics, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif, Trarkhel, 12080 AJ&K, Pakistan

    Adnan & Sumaira Fayyaz

  4. Department of Basic Science, College of Sciences and Theoretical Studies, Saudi Electronic University, 11673, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Nidhish Kumar Mishra

  5. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan

    Zafar Mahmood

  6. Department of Mathematics, Namal University, Mianwali, 42250, Pakistan

    Sami Ullah Khan

  7. Department of Mathematics, Sheikh Taimur Academic Block-II, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

    Muhammad Bilal

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Bani-Fwaz, M.Z., Adnan, Fayyaz, S. et al. Investigation of unsteady nanofluid over half infinite domain under the action of parametric effects and EPNM. J Therm Anal Calorim (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13121-8

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