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An experimental investigation of heat of vaporization of nanofluids

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Abstract

This paper is devoted to measurement and prediction of the saturated flow boiling of nanofluids. In this regard, pressure–temperature variations at saturation conditions are experimentally investigated for different types of water-based nanofluids with variable volume fractions of nanoparticles. By using measured saturation temperature/pressure data as well as Clasius–Clapeyron equation, latent heat of evaporation (LHE) of nanofluids is determined and compared with that of pure water. Results of this study reveal that addition of nanoparticles to water can increase or decrease LHE depending on the type and concentration of nanoparticles and the saturation temperature. A maximum 48.7% increase in the LHE of water is achieved by adding 0.3 vol% of TiO2 nanoparticles. Based on the experimental data, a correlation for the prediction of LHE of nanofluids is also proposed.

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Notes

  1. Dryout length accounts for the distance of the pipe, in the flow direction, at which the whole amount of liquid is evaporated/entrained and the vapor phase is in direct contact with the pipe wall.

Abbreviations

C i :

Coefficient as a function of concentration of nanoparticle

h fg :

Latent heat (kJ kg−1)

P :

Saturation vapor pressure (Pa)

R :

Ideal gas constant of steam (kJ kg−1 K)

T sat :

Saturation temperature (K)

T b :

Boiling point (K)

V f :

Specific volume of saturated liquid (m3)

V g :

Specific volume of saturated vapor (m3)

\(\Delta V\) :

Volume change (m3)

ρ :

Density (kg m−3)

φ :

Volume concentration of nanoparticles (%)

f:

Saturated liquid

g:

Saturated vapor

nf:

Nanofluid

sat:

Saturation

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Acknowledgements

Thanks to the Tafresh University for the experimental setup.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tafresh University, Tafresh, 39518-79611, Iran

    Zahra Baniamerian & Ramin Mehdipour

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal

    S. M. Sohel Murshed

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  1. Zahra Baniamerian
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  2. Ramin Mehdipour
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  3. S. M. Sohel Murshed
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Correspondence to Zahra Baniamerian.

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Baniamerian, Z., Mehdipour, R. & Murshed, S.M.S. An experimental investigation of heat of vaporization of nanofluids. J Therm Anal Calorim 138, 645–657 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08202-y

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