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Comparisons of MWCNTs and acidified process by HNO3 on thermal stability by DSC and TG-FTIR

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Abstract

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have remarkable properties. However, their thermal stability characteristics, which may represent potential hazards during the production or utilization stage, concern unsafe or unknown properties researches. Our aim was to analyze the thermokinetic parameters of different heating rates by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TG), and then to compare thermal decomposition energy parameters under various conditions by well-known kinetic equations. MWCNTs were acidified via nitric acid (HNO3) in various concentrations from 3 to 15 N and were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. For original and modified MWCNTs, we further identified the thermal degradation characteristics of the functional group by TG-FTIR. Finally, we established an effective and prompt procedure for receiving information on thermal decomposition characteristics and reaction hazard of MWCNTs that could be applied as an inherently safer design during normal or upset operation.

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Abbreviations

A :

Frequency factor (min−1)

dT/dt :

Self-heating rate (°C min−1)

E a :

Activation energy (kJ mol−1)

H 0 :

Initial heat flow (kJ mol−1)

H T :

Heat flow at temperature T (kJ mol−1)

k 0 :

Reaction rate constant (s−1 M1−n)

m :

Mass of reactant (g)

n :

Reaction order (dimensionless)

R :

Universal gas constant (J mol−1 K−1)

T :

Temperature (°C)

t :

Time (min)

T 0 :

Initial exothermic temperature (°C)

T m :

Temperature to maximum of weight loss percentage (°C)

T p :

Peak temperature (°C)

V :

Volume of reactant (L)

α:

Fractional conversion (dimensionless)

β:

Heating rate (°C min−1)

ρ:

Density of reactant (g L−1)

ΔH :

Heat of reaction (kJ mol−1)

ΔH 0 :

Total peak area of DSC curve (kJ mol−1)

ΔH d :

Heat of decomposition (kJ mol−1)

ΔH T :

Heat of decomposition via DSC trial (kJ mol−1)

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Acknowledgements

The authors are indebted to the donors of the National Science Council of Taiwan under the contract no. NSC 97-2622-E-224-002-CC3 for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology (NYUST), 123, University Rd., Sec. 3, Douliou, Yunlin, 64002, Taiwan, ROC

    Yu-Chuan Chou & Chi-Min Shu

  2. Department of General Education Center, Chienkuo Technology University, 1, Chieh-Shou N. Rd., Changhua, 50094, Taiwan, ROC

    Tung-Feng Hsieh

  3. Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, 300, Jhongda Rd., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan, ROC

    Yu-Chen Hsieh

  4. Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan, ROC

    Chun-Ping Lin

Authors
  1. Yu-Chuan Chou
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  2. Tung-Feng Hsieh
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  3. Yu-Chen Hsieh
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Correspondence to Chi-Min Shu.

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Chou, YC., Hsieh, TF., Hsieh, YC. et al. Comparisons of MWCNTs and acidified process by HNO3 on thermal stability by DSC and TG-FTIR. J Therm Anal Calorim 102, 641–646 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-010-1017-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-010-1017-0

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