Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Hydrophobic silica composite aerogels using poly(methyl methacrylate) by rapid supercritical extraction process

  • Original Paper: Sol-gel and hybrid materials with surface modification for applications
  • Published:
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A poly(methyl methacrylate) solution was mixed in an optimized tetraethoxysilane-based silica sol and a silica aerogel was obtained by a rapid supercritical extraction process. The hydrophobicity was enhanced by an addition of poly(methyl methacrylate), the silica aerogel prepared with 6 wt% poly(methyl methacrylate) has the contact angle of 156° with low density (0.067 g/cm3), high surface area (829 m2/g), and low thermal conductivity (0.072 W/m·K). The thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis also showed that the aerogels were hydrophobic up to a temperature of 393 °C. An extra hydrophobicity could be expected for silica aerogel using poly(methyl methacrylate) through the surface modification of silica aerogel with generated –OCH3 and –CH3 radicals by the thermal decomposition of poly(methyl methacrylate) excluding poly(methyl methacrylate) itself. This study provided a simple and cost effective method that used an inexpensive polymer additive without using an expensive surface modification agent nor hydrophobic silica precursor.

Graphical Abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Aegerter MA, Leventis N, Koebel MM (2011) Aerogels handbook. Springer, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  2. Chaughule RS, Kapdi AR (2014) Nanoparticles for catalysis, energy and drug delivery. American Scientific Publishers, Valencia

    Google Scholar 

  3. Pierre AC, Pajonk GM (2002) Chemistry of aerogels and their applications. Chem Rev 102:4243–4265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Duan Y, Jana SC, Reinsel AM, Lama B, Espe MP (2012) Surface modification and reinforcement of silica aerogels using polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes. Langmuir 28:15362–15371

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Wagh PB, Ingale SV (2002) Comparison of some physico-chemical properties of hydrophilic and hydrophobic silica aerogels. Ceram Int 28:43–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Rao AP, Rao AV, Pajonk GM (2005) Hydrophobic and physical properties of the two step processed ambient pressure dried silica aerogels with various exchanging solvents. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 36:285–292

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Maleki H, Duraes L, Portugal A (2014) Synthesis of lightweight polymer-reinforced silica aerogels with improved mechanical and thermal insulation properties for space applications. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 197:116–129

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Mahadik DB, Lee YK, Chavan NK, Mahadik SA, Park HH (2016) Monolithic and shrinkage-free hydrophobic silica aerogels via new rapid supercritical extraction process. J Supercrit Fluids 107:84–91

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Zhang Z, Shen J, Ni X, Wu G, Zhou B, Yang M, Gu Z, Qian M, Wu Y (2006) Hydrophobic silica aerogels strengthened with non-woven fibers. J Macromol Sci 43:1663–1670

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Meador MAB, Vivod SL, McCorkle L, Quade D, Sullivan RM, Ghosn LJ, Clark N, Capadona LA (2008) Reinforcing polymer cross-linked aerogels with carbon nanofibers. J Mater Chem 18:1843–1852

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Guo H, Meador MAB, McCorkle L, Quade D, Guo J, Hamilton B, Cakmak M, Sprowl G (2011) Polyimide aerogels cross-linked through amine functionalized polyoligomeric silsesquioxane. Appl Mater Interfaces 3:546–552

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Liu L, Yalchin B, Nguyen BN, Meador MAB, Cakmak M (2009) Flexible Nanofiber-reinforced aerogel (xerogel) synthesis, manufacture and characterization. Appl Mater Interfaces 1:2491–2501

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Shimizu T, Kanamori K, Maeno A, Kaji H, Cara DM, Falcaro P, Nakanishi K (2016) Highly insulating polyethyl- and polyvinylsilsesquioxane aerogels: mechanical improvements by vulcanization for ambient pressure drying. Chem Mater 28:6860–6868.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Shimizu T, Kanamori K, Maeno A, Kaji H, Nakanishi K (2016) Transparent ethylene-bridged polymethylsiloxane aerogels and xerogels with improved bending flexibility. Langmuir 32(50):13427–13434

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Parale VG, Mahadik DB, Kavale MS, Rao AV, Patil RA, Ma YR, Mullens S, Vhatkar RS (2013) Effect of aluminum and copper acetylacetonate on physico-chemical properties of tetraethoxysilane based silica aerogels. J Porous Mater 20:563–570

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Novak BM (1993) Hybrid nanocomposite materials-between inorganic glasses and organic polymers. Adv Mater 5(6):422–433

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Abusafieh A, Gobran R, Kalidindiand SR (1997) Synthesis and characterization of a poly (methyl methacrylate–acrylic acid) copolymer for bioimplant applications. J Appl Polym Sci 63:75–87

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. El Rassy H, Buisson P, Bouali B, Perrard A, Pierre AC (2003) Surface characterization of silica aerogels with different proportions of hydrophobic groups, dried by the CO2 supercritical method. Langmuir 19:358–363

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Schwertfeger F, Hüsing N, Schubert U (1994) Influence of the nature of organic groups on the properties of organically modified silica aerogels. J Sol–Gel Sci Technol 2:103–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Brinker CJ, Scherer GW (1990) Sol–Gel science. The physics and chemistry of sol–gel processing. Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  21. Chen NY (1976) Hydrophobic properties of zeolites. J Phys Chem 80:60–64

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Galka P, Kowalonek J, Kaczmarek H (2004) Thermogravimetric analysis of thermal stability of poly(methylmethacrylate) films modified with photoinitiators. J Therm Anal Calorim 115:1387–1394

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. ZengWR LiSF, Chow WK (2002) Review on chemical reactions of burning poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMA. J Fire Sci 20:401–433

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Sarawade PB, Kim JK, Kim HK, Kim HT (2007) High specific surface area TEOS-based aerogels with large pore volume prepared at an ambient pressure. Appl Surf Sci 254:574–579

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Capadona LA, Meador MAB, Alunni A, Fabrizio EF, Vassilaras P, Leventis N (2006) Flexible, low-density polymer crosslinked silica aerogels. Polymer 47:5754–5761

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Rettelbach T, Sauberlich J, Korder S, Fricke J (1995) Thermal conductivity of silica aerogel powders at temperatures from 10 to 275 K. J Non-Cryst Solids 186:278–284

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Nilsson O, Fransson Å, Sandberg O (1986) Thermal properties of silica aerogel. In: Fricke J (ed) Aerogels. Springer Proceedings in Physics, vol 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  28. Fujiwara M, Shiokawa K, Tanaka Y, Nakahara Y (2004) Preparation and formation mechanism of silica microcapsules (hollow sphere) by water/oil/water interfacial reaction. Chem Mater 16:5420–5426

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Thommes M (2010) Physical adsorption characterization of nanoporous materials. Chem Ing Tech 82(7):1059–1073

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Cerrada ML, Bordegé V, Mu˜noz-Bonilla A, León O, Cuervo-Rodríguez R, Sánchez-Chaves M, Fernández-García M (2013) Amphiphilic polymers bearing gluconolactone moieties: synthesis and long side-chain crystalline behavior. Carbohydr Polym 94:755–764

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Parale VG, Mahadik DB, Mahadik SA, Kavale MS, Rao AV, Wagh PB (2012) Wettability study of surface modified silica aerogels with different silylating agents. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 63:573–579

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2015R1D1A1A02062229). This work was supported by the Center for Advanced Meta-Materials (CAMM-No. 2014M3A6B3063716) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning as Global Frontier Project.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea

    Hae-Noo-Ree Jung, Yoon Kwang Lee, V. G. Parale & Hyung-Ho Park

  2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea

    Hyung Hee Cho

  3. Applied Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400-085, India

    D. B. Mahadik

Authors
  1. Hae-Noo-Ree Jung
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yoon Kwang Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. V. G. Parale
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Hyung Hee Cho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. D. B. Mahadik
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Hyung-Ho Park
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to D. B. Mahadik or Hyung-Ho Park.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jung, HNR., Lee, Y.K., Parale, V. et al. Hydrophobic silica composite aerogels using poly(methyl methacrylate) by rapid supercritical extraction process. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 83, 692–697 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-017-4438-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-017-4438-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation