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Synthesis and characterization of bulk cobalt-doped ZnO and their thin films

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Abstract

(ZnO)1−x (Co3O4) x≤0.05 thin-film series were deposited in vacuum Ar–O2 and N2 environment using the pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) technique. Bulk pellets were prepared by the solid-state reaction technique by mixing ZnO and Co3O4 powder and further utilized for deposition of thin films. XRD patterns of pellets exhibit homogeneous ZnCoO phase formation with no other impurity phases. Single-phase (002) oriented ZnCoO thin films were formed without any cobalt segregation. The cobalt core peaks confirmed the existence of +2 valence state of cobalt in thin-film samples, and the binding energy difference between the cores peaks showed the homogeneous doping of cobalt in ZnO matrix. The magnetic ordering was achieved in thin films samples which were deposited in vacuum and N2 ambience.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the National Institute of Education/Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, for providing the AcRF grant RI 7/08/RSR. One of us, S. Karamat, would like to thank NIE/NTU for providing the research scholarship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Natural Science and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 637616, Singapore, Singapore

    S. Karamat, R. S. Rawat, P. Lee, T. L. Tan & S. V. Springham

  2. COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan

    S. Karamat

  3. School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore

    R. V. Ramanujan

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  1. S. Karamat
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  2. R. S. Rawat
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  3. P. Lee
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Correspondence to S. Karamat.

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Karamat, S., Rawat, R.S., Lee, P. et al. Synthesis and characterization of bulk cobalt-doped ZnO and their thin films. J Supercond Nov Magn 26, 3115–3123 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-013-2128-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-013-2128-1

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