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From Patauá Oil to Sustainable Polymers: Investigation of Epoxy/Anhydride Crosslink in Different Proportions

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Abstract

The synthesis of new materials from vegetable oils has increased due to technological applications and low environmental impact. Oil obtained from the patauá fruit (Oenocarpus bataua) is rich in linoleic and oleic fatty acids that can be modified by their double bonds to obtain green monomers. Thus, patauá oil can be reacted with an intercrossing agent to obtain a thermosetting polymer. This work focused on developing biomass-derived materials with hardened mechanical properties based on epoxidized patauá oil and benzophenone dianhydride. The global approach used for the crosslinking process started with the choice of crosslinker and ammonium salts as catalysts. Furthermore, epoxide-dianhydride copolymerization was investigated at different molar ratios (of anhydride and catalyst) to adjust the parameters that led to better conversions and properties. The final material exhibited conversions > 97% using only 5% catalyst and 2 h of curing at 120 °C, with the degradation process starting at 240 °C and glass transition temperature (Tg) at -1.5 °C. The produced polymer is luminescent and has low water absorption, suggesting its application in electronic devices and insulation.

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The raw/processed data required to reproduce these findings cannot be shared at this time as the data also forms part of an ongoing study.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank Prof. Dr. Éder Tadeu Gomes Cavalheiro, who allowed the use of his laboratory and equipment to obtain the MIR spectra and DMA curves. We also thank Prof. Dr. Andrea S.S. de Camargo (FAPESP N. 2013/07793-6 (CeRTEV – Center for Research, Technology, and Education in Vitreous Materials/IFSC-USP). This work was supported by CAPES (grants: 024/2012 Pro-equipment. and 011/2009. and 88887.667024/2022-00), the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP grants: 2021/02152-9, 2021/14879-0, and 2022/03489-0) and CNPq (grants 303247/2021-5 and 150233/2022-1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Sciences, Bauru, 17033-260, SP, Brazil

    Raquel Magri, Caroline Gaglieri, Gabriel Iago dos Santos & Gilbert Bannach

  2. University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo, 13566-590, SP, Brazil

    Rafael Turra Alarcon

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Contributions

Raquel Magri: methodology, conceptualization, data curation, validation, formal analysis, investigation, writing – original draft; writing – review & editing. Caroline Gaglieri: conceptualization, validation, formal analysis, investigation, writing – original draft; writing – review & editing. Rafael Turra Alarcon: formal analysis, investigation, writing – original draft. Gabriel Iago dos Santos: formal analysis, writing – review & editing. Gilbert Bannach: conceptualization, funding acquisition, project administration, resources, supervision, writing – review & editing.

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Correspondence to Gilbert Bannach.

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Magri, R., Gaglieri, C., Alarcon, R.T. et al. From Patauá Oil to Sustainable Polymers: Investigation of Epoxy/Anhydride Crosslink in Different Proportions. J Polym Environ 32, 1453–1468 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-023-03061-z

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