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Evaluation of Heat Transfer Augmentation in a Nanofluid-Cooled Microchannel Heat Sink

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Abstract

Present investigation deals with appraising heat transfer enhancement of single phase microchannel heat sink (MCHS) by ultra fine Cu particle incorporation in base coolant fluid. The particle diameter is of nanometer size and base fluid in combination of nanoparticles is called nanofluid. Governing equations for fluid flow and heat transfer are based on well established “porous medium model” and accordingly, modified Darcy equation and two-equation model are employed. Appropriate equations for both fluid flow and heat transfer are derived and cast into dimensionless form. Velocity profile is obtained analytically and in order to solve conjugate heat transfer problem a combined analytical–numerical approach is employed. For heat transfer analysis, thermal dispersion model is adopted and latest proposed model for effective thermal conductivity – which considers the salient effect of interfacial shells between particles and base fluid – is integrated into model. The effects of dispersed particles concentration, thermal dispersion coefficient and Reynolds number are investigated on thermal fields and on thermal performance of MCHS. Additionally, the impact of turbulent heat transfer on heat transfer enhancement is considered.

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Abbreviations

A P :

wetted area per volume

\(\tilde{C}\) :

thermal conductivity ratio

C * :

thermal dispersion coefficient

C f :

fluid heat capacity

D :

group parameter, hA P H 2/(1 − ɛ)k s

Da:

Darcy number, K/H 2

D h :

channel hydraulic diameter

d P :

nanoparticle diameter

h :

interfacial heat transfer coefficient

\(\bar{h}\) :

average interfacial heat transfer coefficient

H :

channel height

K :

permeability

k d :

dispersed thermal conductivity of nanofluid

k f :

fluid thermal conductivity

k fe :

effective thermal conductivity of fluid, ɛ k f

k s :

solid thermal conductivity

k se :

effective thermal conductivity of solid, (1 − ɛ)k s

L :

channel height

Nu∞ :

interfacial Nusselt number

\(\overline{\rm Nu}\) :

overall Nusselt number

p :

pressure

\(\bar{p}\) :

volume averaged pressure

P :

dimensionless pressure

Pe :

Peclet number

Pr :

Prandtl number

q W :

heat flux over bottom surface

T :

Temperature

u :

fluid velocity

\(\bar{u}\) :

volume averaged velocity

U :

dimensionless fluid velocity

w c :

channel width

w f :

wall thickness

X :

dimensionless axial coordinate

Y :

dimensionless vertical coordinate

Greek symbols: :

 

α:

thermal diffusivity

η:

channel aspect ratio, H/w C

ɛ:

porosity

μ:

viscosity

ρ:

density

θ:

dimensionless temperature, y-dependent part

ϕ:

nanoparticle concentration

Subscripts: :

 

b:

bulk

f:

fluid

nf:

nanofluid

m:

mean value

s:

solid

sh:

solid-like interfacial shell

w:

wall

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mechanical Engineering Department, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, No. 7, 12th Behnam Alley, Behnam Street, Kashani Avenue, 2nd Sadeghiyeh Sq., 1471855698, Tehran, Iran

    Hessamoddin Abbassi

  2. Mechanical Engineering Department, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, 4th Sq. of Tehranpars, East Vafadar Avenue, Tehran, Iran

    Cyrus Aghanajafi

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  1. Hessamoddin Abbassi
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  2. Cyrus Aghanajafi
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Correspondence to Hessamoddin Abbassi.

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Abbassi, H., Aghanajafi, C. Evaluation of Heat Transfer Augmentation in a Nanofluid-Cooled Microchannel Heat Sink. J Fusion Energ 25, 187–196 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10894-006-9021-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10894-006-9021-x

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