Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Promotion of adhesion and proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells on decellularized valves by covalent incorporation of RGD peptide and VEGF

  • Engineering and Nano-engineering Approaches for Medical Devices
  • Original Research
  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Tissue engineered heart valve is a promising alternative to current heart valve surgery, for its capability of growth, repair, and remodeling. However, extensive development is needed to ensure tissue compatibility, durability and antithrombotic potential. This study aims to investigate the biological effects of multi-signal composite material of polyethyl glycol-cross-linked decellularized valve on adhesion and proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells. Group A to E was decellularized valve leaflets, composite material of polyethyl glycol-cross-linked decellularized valves leaflets, vascular endothelial growth factor-composite materials, Arg-Gly-Asp peptide-composite materials and multi-signal modified materials of polyethyl glycol-cross-linked decellularized valve leaflets, respectively. The endothelial progenitor cells were seeded for each group, cell adhesion and proliferation were detected and neo-endothelium antithrombotic function of the multi-signal composite materials was evaluated. At 2, 4, and 8 h after the seeding, the cell numbers and 3H-TdR incorporation in group D were the highest. At 2, 4, and 8 days after the seeding, the cell numbers and 3H-TdR incorporation were significantly higher in groups C, D, and E compared with groups A and B (P < 0.05) and cell numbers and the expression of t-PA and eons in the neo-endothelium were quite similar to those in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells at 2, 4, and 8 days after the seeding. The Arg-Gly-Asp- peptides (a sequential peptide composed of arginine (Arg), glycine (Gly) and aspartic acid (Asp)) and VEGF-conjugated onto the composite material of PEG-crosslinked decellularized valve leaflets synergistically promoted the adhesion and proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells on the composite material, which may help in tissue engineering of heart valves.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Mathew JG, Spyropoulos AC, Yusuf A, Vincent J, Eikelboom J, Shestakovska O, Fremes S, Noora J, Guo L, Peterson M, Pai M, Whitlock R. Efficacy and safety of early parenteral anticoagulation as a bridge to warfarin after mechanical valve replacement. Throm haemost. 2014;112(6):1120–8. doi:10.1160/th14-03-0284.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Baddour LM, Wilson WR, Bayer AS, Fowler VG Jr., Bolger AF, Levison ME, Ferrieri P, Gerber MA, Tani LY, Gewitz MH, Tong DC, Steckelberg JM, Baltimore RS, Shulman ST, Burns JC, Falace DA, Newburger JW, Pallasch TJ, Takahashi M, Taubert KA. Infective endocarditis: diagnosis, antimicrobial therapy, and management of complications: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and the Councils on Clinical Cardiology, Stroke, and Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, American Heart Association: endorsed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Circulation. 2005;111(23):e394–e434. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.105.165564.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Parvin Nejad S, Blaser MC, Santerre JP, Caldarone CA, Simmons CA. Biomechanical conditioning of tissue engineered heart valves: too much of a good thing?. Adv Drug deliv Rev. 2016;96:161–75. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2015.11.003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Kasimir MT, Weigel G, Sharma J, Rieder E, Seebacher G, Wolner E, Simon P. The decellularized porcine heart valve matrix in tissue engineering: platelet adhesion and activation. Throm haemost. 2005;94(3):562–7. doi:10.1160/TH05-01-0025.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Breuer CK, Mettler BA, Anthony T, Sales VL, Schoen FJ, Mayer JE. Application of tissue-engineering principles toward the development of a semilunar heart valve substitute. Tissue Eng. 2004;10(11-12):1725–36. doi:10.1089/ten.2004.10.1725.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. de Mel A, Jell G, Stevens MM, Seifalian AM. Biofunctionalization of biomaterials for accelerated in situ endothelialization: a review. Biomacromolecules. 2008;9(11):2969–79. doi:10.1021/bm800681k.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Hu XJ, Dong NG, Shi JW, Deng C, Li HD, Lu CF. Evaluation of a novel tetra-functional branched poly(ethylene glycol) crosslinker for manufacture of crosslinked, decellularized, porcine aortic valve leaflets. J Biomed Mater Res Part B Appl Biomater. 2014;102(2):322–36. doi:10.1002/jbm.b.33010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Gloria A, Causa F, Russo T, Battista E, Della Moglie R, Zeppetelli S, De Santis R, Netti PA, Ambrosio L. Three-dimensional poly(ε-caprolactone) bioactive scaffolds with controlled structural and surface properties. Biomacromolecules. 2012;13(11):3510–21. doi:10.1021/bm300818y.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Lee J, Guarino V, Gloria A, Ambrosio L, Tae G, Kim YH, Jung Y, Kim SH, Kim SH. Regeneration of Achilles’ tendon: the role of dynamic stimulation for enhanced cell proliferation and mechanical properties. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2010;21(8-9):1173–90. doi:10.1163/092050609X12471222313524.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Hu Y, Winn SR, Krajbich I, Hollinger JO. Porous polymer scaffolds surface-modified with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid enhance bone cell attachment and differentiation in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res Part A. 2003;64(3):583–90. doi:10.1002/jbm.a.10438.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Dong X, Wei X, Yi W, Gu C, Kang X, Liu Y, Li Q, Yi D. RGD-modified acellular bovine pericardium as a bioprosthetic scaffold for tissue engineering. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2009;20(11):2327–36. doi:10.1007/s10856-009-3791-4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Hersel U, Dahmen C, Kessler H. RGD modified polymers: biomaterials for stimulated cell adhesion and beyond. Biomaterials. 2003;24(24):4385–415.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Pallarola D, Bochen A, Boehm H, Rechenmacher F, Sobahi TR, Spatz JP, Kessler H. Interface immobilization chemistry of cRGD‐based peptides regulates integrin mediated cell adhesion. Adv Funct Mater. 2014;24(7):943–56.

  14. Shachar M, Tsur-Gang O, Dvir T, Leor J, Cohen S. The effect of immobilized RGD peptide in alginate scaffolds on cardiac tissue engineering. Acta Biomater. 2011;7(1):152–62. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2010.07.034.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Shi J, Dong N, Sun Z. Immobilization of decellularized valve scaffolds with Arg-Gly-Asp-containing peptide to promote myofibroblast adhesion. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technol Med Sci. 2009;29(4):503–7. doi:10.1007/s11596-009-0422-8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Tran NQ, Joung YK, Lih E. RGD-conjugated in situ forming hydrogels as cell-adhesive injectable scaffolds. Macromol Res. 2011;19(3):300–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Wang H, Ma L, Yang S, Shao Z, Meng C, Duan D, Li Y. Effect of RGD-modified silk material on the adhesion and proliferation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technol Med Sci. 2009;29(1):80–3. doi:10.1007/s11596-009-0117-1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Zhu J, He P, Lin L, Jones DR, Marchant RE. Biomimetic poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogels as scaffolds for inducing endothelial adhesion and capillary-like network formation. Biomacromolecules 2012;13(3):706–13. doi:10.1021/bm201596w.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Zhu J, Tang C, Kottke-Marchant K, Marchant RE. Design and synthesis of biomimetic hydrogel scaffolds with controlled organization of cyclic RGD peptides. Bioconjugate Chem. 2009;20(2):333–9. doi:10.1021/bc800441v.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Ferrara N, Houck K, Jakeman L, Leung DW. Molecular and biological properties of the vascular endothelial growth factor family of proteins. Endocr Rev. 1992;13(1):18–32. doi:10.1210/edrv-13-1-18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Neufeld G, Cohen T, Gengrinovitch S, Poltorak Z. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors. FASEB J. 1999;13(1):9–22.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Zisch AH, Lutolf MP, Ehrbar M, Raeber GP, Rizzi SC, Davies N, Schmokel H, Bezuidenhout D, Djonov V, Zilla P, Hubbell JA. Cell-demanded release of VEGF from synthetic, biointeractive cell ingrowth matrices for vascularized tissue growth. FASEB J. 2003;17(15):2260–2. doi:10.1096/fj.02-1041fje.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Knetsch ML, Koole LH. VEGF-E enhances endothelialization and inhibits thrombus formation on polymeric surfaces. J Biomed Mater Res Part A. 2010;93(1):77–85. doi:10.1002/jbm.a.32538.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Müller S, Koenig G, Charpiot A. VEGF-functionalized polyelectrolyte multilayers as proangiogenic prosthetic coatings. Adv Funct Mater. 2008;18(12):1767–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Shen YH, Shoichet MS, Radisic M. Vascular endothelial growth factor immobilized in collagen scaffold promotes penetration and proliferation of endothelial cells. Acta Biomater. 2008;4(3):477–89. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2007.12.011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Porter AM, Klinge CM, Gobin AS. Biomimetic hydrogels with VEGF induce angiogenic processes in both hUVEC and hMEC. Biomacromolecules. 2011;12(1):242–6. doi:10.1021/bm101220b.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Leslie-Barbick JE, Moon JJ, West JL. Covalently-immobilized vascular endothelial growth factor promotes endothelial cell tubulogenesis in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate hydrogels. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2009;20(12):1763–79. doi:10.1163/156856208X386381.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Poh CK, Shi Z, Lim TY, Neoh KG, Wang W. The effect of VEGF functionalization of titanium on endothelial cells in vitro. Biomaterials. 2010;31(7):1578–85. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.11.042.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Leach JK, Kaigler D, Wang Z, Krebsbach PH, Mooney DJ. Coating of VEGF-releasing scaffolds with bioactive glass for angiogenesis and bone regeneration. Biomaterials. 2006;27(17):3249–55. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.01.033.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Asahara T, Murohara T, Sullivan A, Silver M, van der Zee R, Li T, Witzenbichler B, Schatteman G, Isner JM. Isolation of putative progenitor endothelial cells for angiogenesis. Science. 1997;275(5302):964–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Sales VL, Engelmayr GC Jr., Mettler BA, Johnson JA Jr., Sacks MS, Mayer JE Jr. Transforming growth factor-beta1 modulates extracellular matrix production, proliferation, and apoptosis of endothelial progenitor cells in tissue-engineering scaffolds. Circulation. 2006;114(1 Suppl):I193–9. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.105.001628.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Wu X, Rabkin-Aikawa E, Guleserian KJ, Perry TE, Masuda Y, Sutherland FW, Schoen FJ, Mayer JE Jr., Bischoff J. Tissue-engineered microvessels on three-dimensional biodegradable scaffolds using human endothelial progenitor cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2004;287(2):H480–H487. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.01232.2003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Hristov M, Erl W, Weber PC. Endothelial progenitor cells: isolation and characterization. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2003;13(5):201–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Chen JS, Noah EM, Pallua N, Steffens GC (2002) The use of bifunctional polyethyleneglycol derivatives for coupling of proteins to and cross-linking of collagen matrices. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 13 (11):1029–35.

  35. Kalka C, Masuda H, Takahashi T, Kalka-Moll WM, Silver M, Kearney M, Li T, Isner JM, Asahara T. Transplantation of ex vivo expanded endothelial progenitor cells for therapeutic neovascularization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000;97(7):3422–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.070046397.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Murohara T, Ikeda H, Duan J, Shintani S, Sasaki K, Eguchi H, Onitsuka I, Matsui K, Imaizumi T. Transplanted cord blood-derived endothelial precursor cells augment postnatal neovascularization. J Clin Invest. 2000;105(11):1527–36. doi:10.1172/JCI8296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Zhang HR, Chen FL, Xu CP, Ping YF, Wang QL, Liang ZQ, Wang JM, Bian XW. Incorporation of endothelial progenitor cells into the neovasculature of malignant glioma xenograft. J Neurooncol. 2009;93(2):165–74. doi:10.1007/s11060-008-9757-4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Casamassimi A, Balestrieri ML, Fiorito C, Schiano C, Maione C, Rossiello R, Grimaldi V, Del Giudice V, Balestrieri C, Farzati B, Sica V, Napoli C. Comparison between total endothelial progenitor cell isolation versus enriched Cd133+ culture. J Biochem. 2007;141(4):503–11. doi:10.1093/jb/mvm060.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Jaffe EA, Nachman RL, Becker CG, Minick CR. Culture of human endothelial cells derived from umbilical veins. Identification by morphologic and immunologic criteria. J Clin Invest. 1973;52(11):2745–56. doi:10.1172/JCI107470.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Park SJ, Baek SH, Oh MK, Choi SH, Park EH, Kim NH, Shin JC, Kim IS. Enhancement of angiogenic and vasculogenic potential of endothelial progenitor cells by haptoglobin. FEBS Lett. 2009;583(19):3235–40. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2009.09.014.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Kasimir MT, Rieder E, Seebacher G, Nigisch A, Dekan B, Wolner E, Weigel G, Simon P. Decellularization does not eliminate thrombogenicity and inflammatory stimulation in tissue-engineered porcine heart valves. J Heart Valve Dis. 2006;15(2):278–86. discussion 286

    Google Scholar 

  42. Assmann A, Delfs C, Munakata H, Schiffer F, Horstkotter K, Huynh K, Barth M, Stoldt VR, Kamiya H, Boeken U, Lichtenberg A, Akhyari P. Acceleration of autologous in vivo recellularization of decellularized aortic conduits by fibronectin surface coating. Biomaterials. 2013;34(25):6015–26. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.04.037.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Dohmen PM, Ozaki S, Nitsch R, Yperman J, Flameng W, Konertz W. A tissue engineered heart valve implanted in a juvenile sheep model. Med Sci Monitor Int Med J Exp Clin Res. 2003;9(4):BR97–BR104.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Zhou J, Fritze O, Schleicher M, Wendel HP, Schenke-Layland K, Harasztosi C, Hu S, Stock UA. Impact of heart valve decellularization on 3-D ultrastructure, immunogenicity and thrombogenicity. Biomaterials. 2010;31(9):2549–54. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.11.088.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Lai Y, Xie C, Zhang Z, Lu W, Ding J. Design and synthesis of a potent peptide containing both specific and non-specific cell-adhesion motifs. Biomaterials. 2010;31(18):4809–17. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.02.064.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Shinkai A, Ito M, Anazawa H, Yamaguchi S, Shitara K, Shibuya M. Mapping of the sites involved in ligand association and dissociation at the extracellular domain of the kinase insert domain-containing receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor. J Biol Chem. 1998;273(47):31283–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Shibuya M. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2: its unique signaling and specific ligand, VEGF-E. Cancer Sci. 2003;94(9):751–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Holmes K, Roberts OL, Thomas AM, Cross MJ. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2: structure, function, intracellular signalling and therapeutic inhibition. Cell Signal. 2007;19(10):2003–12. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.05.013.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Lutolf MP, Tirelli N, Cerritelli S, Cavalli L, Hubbell JA. Systematic modulation of Michael-type reactivity of thiols through the use of charged amino acids. Bioconjugate Chem. 2001;12(6):1051–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Lutolf MP, Hubbell JA. Synthetic biomaterials as instructive extracellular microenvironments for morphogenesis in tissue engineering. Nat Biotechnol. 2005;23(1):47–55. doi:10.1038/nbt1055

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Dohmen PM, Lembcke A, Hotz H, Kivelitz D, Konertz WF. Ross operation with a tissue-engineered heart valve. Ann Thorac Surg. 2002;74(5):1438–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Peichev M, Naiyer AJ, Pereira D, Zhu Z, Lane WJ, Williams M, Oz MC, Hicklin DJ, Witte L, Moore MA, Rafii S. Expression of VEGFR-2 and AC133 by circulating human CD34(+) cells identifies a population of functional endothelial precursors. Blood. 2000;95(3):952–8.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Rocha V, Wagner JE Jr., Sobocinski KA, Klein JP, Zhang MJ, Horowitz MM, Gluckman E. Graft-versus-host disease in children who have received a cord-blood or bone marrow transplant from an HLA-identical sibling. Eurocord and International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry Working Committee on Alternative Donor and Stem Cell Sources. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(25):1846–54. doi:10.1056/NEJM200006223422501.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Schmidt D, Breymann C, Weber A, Guenter CI, Neuenschwander S, Zund G, Turina M, Hoerstrup SP. Umbilical cord blood derived endothelial progenitor cells for tissue engineering of vascular grafts. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004;78(6):2094–8. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.06.052.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Avci-Adali M, Paul A, Ziemer G, Wendel HP. New strategies for in vivo tissue engineering by mimicry of homing factors for self-endothelialisation of blood contacting materials. Biomaterials. 2008;29(29):3936–45. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.07.002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Sales VL, Mettler BA, Engelmayr GC Jr., Aikawa E, Bischoff J, Martin DP, Exarhopoulos A, Moses MA, Schoen FJ, Sacks MS, Mayer JE Jr. Endothelial progenitor cells as a sole source for ex vivo seeding of tissue-engineered heart valves. Tissue Eng Part A. 2010;16(1):257–67. doi:10.1089/ten.TEA.2009.0424.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Yang HN, Park JS, Woo DG, Jeon SY, Park KH. Transfection of VEGF(165) genes into endothelial progenitor cells and in vivo imaging using quantum dots in an ischemia hind limb model. Biomaterials. 2012;33(33):8670–84. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.08.012.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Ye X, Wang H, Zhou J, Li H, Liu J, Wang Z, Chen A, Zhao Q. The effect of Heparin-VEGF multilayer on the biocompatibility of decellularized aortic valve with platelet and endothelial progenitor cells. PloS One. 2013;8(1):e54622 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054622.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Suh W, Kim KL, Choi JH, Lee YS, Lee JY, Kim JM, Jang HS, Shin IS, Lee JS, Byun J, Jeon ES, Kim DK. C-reactive protein impairs angiogenic functions and decreases the secretion of arteriogenic chemo-cytokines in human endothelial progenitor cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004;321(1):65–71. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.06.107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Xing F, Jiang Y, Liu J, Zhao K, Mo Y, Qin Q, Wang J, Ouyang J, Zeng Y. Role of AP1 element in the activation of human eNOS promoter by lysophosphatidylcholine. J Cell Biochem. 2006;98(4):872–84. doi:10.1002/jcb.20739.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Yang Z, Tao J, Wang JM, Tu C, Xu MG, Wang Y, Pan SR. Shear stress contributes to t-PA mRNA expression in human endothelial progenitor cells and nonthrombogenic potential of small diameter artificial vessels. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006;342(2):577–84. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.01.172.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Fang NT, Xie SZ, Wang SM, Gao HY, Wu CG, Pan LF. Construction of tissue-engineered heart valves by using decellularized scaffolds and endothelial progenitor cells. Chin Med J. 2007;120(8):696–702.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Kan WH, Hsu JT, Ba ZF, Schwacha MG, Chen J, Choudhry MA, Bland KI, Chaudry IH. p38 MAPK-dependent eNOS upregulation is critical for 17beta-estradiol-mediated cardioprotection following trauma-hemorrhage. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2008;294(6):H2627–H2636. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.91444.2007.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Sawada N, Salomone S, Kim HH, Kwiatkowski DJ, Liao JK. Regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and postnatal angiogenesis by Rac1. Circ Res. 2008;103(4):360–8. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.108.178897.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. Schoen FJ. Evolving concepts of cardiac valve dynamics: the continuum of development, functional structure, pathobiology, and tissue engineering. Circulation. 2008;118(18):1864–80. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.108.805911.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was funded by a grant from the National High-tech Research and Development Program (863 Program) of China (No. 2014AA020539), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81260047, No. 81270297, and No. 31330029), and the Youth Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China (20122BAB215016).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China

    Jianliang Zhou, Shidong Hu, Zhigang Zhu, Jia Chen & Jianjun Xu

  2. Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China

    Jingli Ding

  3. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China

    Bin’en Nie

  4. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China

    Jiawei Shi & Nianguo Dong

Authors
  1. Jianliang Zhou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jingli Ding
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Bin’en Nie
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Shidong Hu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Zhigang Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Jia Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Jianjun Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Jiawei Shi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Nianguo Dong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jianliang Zhou or Nianguo Dong.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Jianliang Zhou and Jingli Ding contributed to equally to this work.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhou, J., Ding, J., Nie, B. et al. Promotion of adhesion and proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells on decellularized valves by covalent incorporation of RGD peptide and VEGF. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 27, 142 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-016-5750-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-016-5750-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation