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The facile preparation and performances of prelithiated silicon oxide anode materials

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Abstract

Silicon oxide (SiOx) anode materials have gained significant attention in lithium-ion batteries due to their high theoretical specific capacity (above 1965 mAh g−1), relatively stable cycling performance, and lower production costs. However, SiOx anode materials tend to form a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film and generate inert substances like Li2O and Li4SiO4 during the initial charge and discharge processes, leading to the consumption of active lithium ions and low initial coulombic efficiency. To address these issues effectively, prelithiation of SiOx anode materials is explored in this study. A lithium powder suspension is prepared by dispersing lithium powder and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the electrolyte, served as the prelithiation agent. The SiO/G@C@A anode material is then prelithiated with this agent. The lithium powder suspension prelithiation agent enables effective prelithiation of the anode material. The SiO@C@A-1 anode exhibits improved electrochemical performances. At a current density of 0.1 A g−1, the initial specific capacity reaches 981.3 mAh g−1 with an initial coulombic efficiency of 95.65%, which is approximately 25% higher than that of the untreated sample. After 100 cycles and at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, the prelithiated sample retains a discharge specific capacity of 648 mAh g−1, with a capacity retention rate of 83.27%, around 10% higher than that of the untreated sample, demonstrating excellent cycling performances.

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Acknowledgements

This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22269001), Yinchuan R&D innovation team of advanced energy storage materials and devices (2022CXTD05).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, People’s Republic of China

    Chunping Hou, Zeyu Yue, Hehang Sun, Lidong Zhai, Haidong Xie, Hui Tian & Yuqing Qu

  2. Ningxia Research Center of Silicon Target and Silicon-Carbon Negative Material Engineering Technology, Yinchuan, 750021, People’s Republic of China

    Chunping Hou

  3. Bolt New Material (Yinchuan) Co., Ltd., Yinchuan, 750002, People’s Republic of China

    Chunping Hou, Xinwei Wang & Jiao Hou

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  1. Chunping Hou
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  2. Zeyu Yue
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  3. Hehang Sun
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  4. Lidong Zhai
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  5. Haidong Xie
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  8. Xinwei Wang
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  9. Jiao Hou
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Contributions

Chunping Hou: Reviewing and edition. Zeyu Yue, Hehang Sun, Lidong Zhai: Conception and designed the work, Writing—original draft and editing. Haidong Xi, Hui Tian: Methodology, Data curation. Yuqing Qul, Xinwei Wang: Formal analysis, Investigation. Jiao Hou: Software.

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Correspondence to Chunping Hou.

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Hou, C., Yue, Z., Sun, H. et al. The facile preparation and performances of prelithiated silicon oxide anode materials. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 956 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-12708-z

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