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Enhanced nonlinear optical and optical liming properties of holmium containing borate glasses embedded with silver nanoparticles

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Abstract

Herein, the nonlinear optical (NLO) and optical limiting (OL) features of silver nanoparticles (NPs) and holmium ions containing borate-based glasses bearing the nominal composition (79–x)B2O3–15Na2O–5La2O3–1Ho2O3–xAgCl (x = 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 mol%) were deliberated at 532 nm pumping utilizing the nanosecond laser pulses. We studied the NLO and OL characteristics of AgCl content varied glasses and identified that the Ho3+-doped glasses containing 0.5 mol% of AgCl was found to be optimized one. Then, for further tuning of the NLO traits, thermal treatment on optimized glass was carried out at 450 °C for diverse durations. The NLO absorption (two‒photon) and refraction (positive) features were noted to improve with AgCl content and thermal treatment duration, while the OL threshold followed an opposite trend. The enhance of NLO characteristics and OL performance of glasses was resulted on account of local field effect. The outcomes of the study endorse the Ho3+‒doped titled glass containing 0.5 mol% of AgCl thermally treated for 35 h at 450 °C is beneficial for data storage, signal processing and harmonic generation functionalities. Additionally, the enhance of NLO absorption along with decrease of OL threshold results acknowledge the same glass system is useful for OL applications for suppressing high energy coherent radiation in protecting the sensitive optical devices and human eye from laser damage.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude to Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project Number (PNURSP2024R2), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

The authors express their gratitude to Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project Number (PNURSP2024R2), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Smt.V.H.D Central Institute of Home Science, Seshadri Road, Bengaluru, 560001, Karnataka, India

    Basappa

  2. Department of Physics, Govt. First Grade College, Vijayanagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560104, India

    T. N. Ashoka

  3. Govt. First Grade College, Doddaballapura, 561203, Karnataka, India

    K. N. Sathish

  4. Department of Chemistry, Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, 560107, Karnataka, India

    K. V. Brungesh

  5. Department of Chemistry, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560103, India

    S. Shashidhar

  6. Department of Physics, School of Engineering, Presidency University, Itgalpur, Rajanakunte, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, Karnataka, India

    D. Karthik & G. Jagannath

  7. Department of Physics, Nrupathunga University, Bengaluru, 560001, Karnataka, India

    D. Rajeshree Patwari

  8. Galaxy Laser Lab, Andhra Pradesh Med-Tech Zone (AMTZ) Ltd., Visakhapatnam, 530031, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Hamad Syed

  9. Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia

    Aljawhara H. Almuqrin

  10. Renewable Energy and Environmental Technology Center, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 47913, Saudi Arabia

    M. I. Sayyed

  11. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Isra University, Amman, Jordan

    M. I. Sayyed

  12. Department of Physics, B N M Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, 560070, Karnataka, India

    K. N. N. Prasad

  13. Department of Physics, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, 560056, Karnataka, India

    A. G. Pramod

  14. Department of Physics, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bengaluru, 560078, Karnataka, India

    K. Keshavamurthy

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Contributions

B: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft, TNA: Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft, KNS: Data curation, KVB: Data curation, SS: Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing—review and editing, DK: Writing—review and editing, DRP: Data curation, HS: Data curation, AHA: Project administration, Funding acquisition, Writing—review and editing, MIS: Methodology, Data curation, Writing—review and editing, KNNP: Data curation, AGP: Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing—review and editing, KK: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft; GJ: Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to S. Shashidhar, K. Keshavamurthy or G. Jagannath.

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Basappa, Ashoka, T.N., Sathish, K.N. et al. Enhanced nonlinear optical and optical liming properties of holmium containing borate glasses embedded with silver nanoparticles. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 519 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-12254-8

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