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l-valine refines bis(thiourea) cadmium chloride single crystals for optoelectronic applications

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Abstract

Pure and l-valine (LV)-doped bis(thiourea) cadmium chloride (BTCC) crystals have been grown by slow evaporation technique at room temperature. l-valine has been used as a dopant to tune the optical (linear and nonlinear) and electrical properties of BTCC crystal, which are vital to different optoelectronic devices such as photodiodes and solar cells. The composition of the crystals was confirmed by CHNS analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, EDAX analysis, and LIBS. The lattice parameters were determined by single-crystal XRD, by which the orthorhombic structure of BTCC and LV-doped crystals were confirmed. UV–visible spectrum analysis, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy were used to determine the optical transparencies of the produced crystals, and it was discovered that the optical band gap increases as the l-valine doping concentration in the BTCC increases. Also, the decomposition temperature of the sample increases with an increasing percentage of l-valine, according to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetric analysis (DTG). Electric properties such as dielectric constant and dielectric loss were calculated. At room temperature, the dielectric constant rises from 18.2 to 75.4 as the concentration of l-valine increases. It was also discovered that increasing the l-valine concentration resulted in considerable increases in the sample's AC conductivity and dielectric loss at room temperature. The electrochemical characteristics of the crystal were investigated using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge.

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Acknowledgements

One of the authors acknowledges Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Government of India [Order No. 03 (1363)/16/EMR-II dated 11.05.2016] for funding this Research Project. One of the authors is also thankful for the support of Science Engineering Research Board (SERB), New Delhi, Government of India (YSS/2014/000649 dated 20 November 2015), for funding the project. We are grateful to STIC, Cochin University of Science and Technology for the CHNS analysis, Single XRD analysis and EDAX analysis; Dr. Alex Joseph, Department of Chemistry, Newman College Thodupuzha for the FTIR and UV–visible spectral analysis and Electrochemical workstation; Dr. A. Santhosh Kumar, Technical Officer, School of Pure and Applied Physics, MG University Kottayam for the dielectric studies; and Dr. Gijo Jose, HOD, Department of Physics, SB College Changanassery for the TGA–DTG studies.

Funding

This work was supported by Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Govt. of India [Order No. 03 (1363)/16/EMR-II dated 11.05.2016] by funding the research project. Also the project was supported by Science Engineering Research Board (SERB), New Delhi, Govt. of India (YSS/2014/000649 dated 20 November 2015) for funding the project. Dr. Ginson P Joseph received research support from both of the above organizations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, T M Jacob Memorial Government College Manimalakunnu, Ernakulam, Kerala, 686662, India

    Bitto John

  2. Material Science Research Lab, Department of Physics, St. Thomas College Palai, Arunapuram P O, Kottayam, Kerala, 686574, India

    Geethu Joseph, Navya Shaji & Ginson P. Joseph

  3. Department of Physics, CMS College, Kottayam, Kerala, 686001, India

    G. Aryadevi

  4. Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India

    Manoj Kumar Gundawar & Akash Kumar Tarai

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  1. Bitto John
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  2. Geethu Joseph
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Contributions

BJ: Methodology, Investigation, Data Analysis, and Writing—Original Draft. GJ: Investigation and Data Curation. AG: Methodology and Validation. MKG: Formal analysis. AKT: Conceptualization and Review. NS: Validation and Data Curation. GPJ: Supervision and Writing—review and editing. The final version of the manuscript has been approved by all authors.

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Correspondence to Ginson P. Joseph.

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John, B., Joseph, G., G., A. et al. l-valine refines bis(thiourea) cadmium chloride single crystals for optoelectronic applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 135 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11786-9

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